Weathering, erosion, transportation and deposition Flashcards
1
Q
What is erosion?
A
- refers to the wearing away of the land surface
- removal of materials by river and sea water, ice and wind
2
Q
What are the four main processes of erosion?
A
- hydraulic action
- solution
- abrasion
- attrition
3
Q
What is transportation?
A
- movement of material in the sea and along the coast
4
Q
What are the types of transportation?
A
- longshore drift
- traction
- solution
- saltation
- suspension
5
Q
When does marine deposition occur?
A
- when waves are low energy
- when rapid coastal erosion provides an abundant supply of material
- sand/shingle accumulate faster than erosion takes place
- as waves slow following breaking
- as water pauses at the top of the swash before breaking begins
6
Q
What is aeolian deposition?
A
- temporary entrapment, transport and deposition of sediment by wind
7
Q
What is sub-aerial weathering?
A
- processes that slowly break down the coastline
- weaken underlying rocks
- allow sudden movements or erosion to happen easier
8
Q
How is material broken down by weathering?
A
in situ
9
Q
What is an example of physical/mechanical weathering?
A
freeze-thaw weathering
10
Q
What is biological weathering?
A
- breakdown of rocks by action of vegetation and coastal organisms
11
Q
What is chemical weathering?
A
- when rocks are exposed to air and moisture so chemical processes take place
12
Q
What are examples of chemical weathering?
A
- solution
- oxidation
- carbonation
- hydrolysis
- hydration
