Unit 1 (System fundamentals) Flashcards
What are some factors to consider when changing a new system? (6)
Compatibility to the old system Infrastructure Hardware/Software requirements Cost Time Staffing Ethical issue
Planning transition to the new system steps
Hardware Communications equipment and software System software Documentation and support Running and mantaining system
What is SaaS. And 1 advtbnage and disatvange
s a software distribution model in which a cloud provider hosts applications and makes them available to end users over the internet.
Operational Management: No installation, equipment updates or traditional licensing management. Security
Loss of Control: The vendor manages everything, making you dependent upon the vendor’s capabilities
Limited Customization: Most SaaS applications offer little in the way of customization from the vendor
SaaS is a contemporary delivery method that allows software and data to be hosted and managed centrally on a remote datacenter.
Changing a system can be difficult for a variety of reasons:
Users don’t like change (too often/at all)
There might be data loss during migration
– It might be expensive (either in terms of money or time)
Important steps to change a new system
Plan
Communicate
Integrate (If it’s possible for the change program of your business to be adjusted)
Evaluate (•It’s crucial that the organisation, its passage through the change program, and the widere organisation’s reactions to that change program are evaluated at every feasible opportunity
Remote vs local
A local server is located in the same machine as the one who made the request. A remote server is another machine that can receive and respond to exterior requests.
There are two competing models of distributing software:Local and Remote (also called SaaS/cloud).
You can either buy a program and install it on a particular computer or set of computers (called local)
Or you can buy/rent/use software that is installed on a computer somewhere on the internet and then use it though a browser or dedicated local application (called remote)
When implemting /installing a new system or price there are 4 ways to do it
Parallel: Which is that both new and old systems work together for a short prediod of time
direct: Which means unpluging old system and pluggin the new one
Pilot: This is whena business has multiple websites, and introduces the new system on one of them, and extends it to the other websites over a period of tme
Phased: Different parts of the systems are replaced one at a time over a perido of time.
Static vs dynamic testing
Static testing is about the prevention of defects whereas Dynamic testing is about finding and fixing the defects.
What is user documentation?
What are help files?
User documentation is any document that explains how to use the features and functions of a system to its end-users.
Files supplied together with the system. They can usually be called up with a button in the system.
what are Online services:
Special web service hosted by the system’s developer to provide user documentation.
An online service refers to any information and services provided over the Internet.
Evaluate different methods of delivering user training (3)
Self instruction:
Users can learn how to use a new system on their own, provided they have the right material to learn from.
Formal classes
Users sitting in a classroom listening to an instructor who shows and explains how to use the system.
Remote / Online training
An instructor training one user or a small group of users by some kind of remote connection (Skype, Google Hangouts, Face time, etc.).
Identify a range of causes of data loss (2)
Accidental delation
Builiding fires
Computer viruses
Data corruption (erros n computer data)
Power failure (need for UPS (uninterruptible power supply)
Unregulated power supply of any sort can damage hardware components.
Software
Hardware/software malfunctions
Key data loss prevention methods (4)
Offiste sotrage: data sotrage i two or more locations
Failover system(like a backup battery) Failover is the constant capability to automatically and seamlessly switch to a highly reliable backup system.
Redundancy (Data redundancy is when multiple copies of the same information are stored in more than one place at a time. )
Removable media (Removable media is any type of storage device that can be removed from a computer while the system is running.)
Offsite/online storage (An offsite backup is a backup process or facility that stores backup data or applications external to the organization or core IT environment.
Offsite storage is the practice of storing physical or digital data, documents, or other materials in a location that is separate from the primary location where the data is created or used.
Regular backup of files using hard disks or magnetic tapes
Installation of an Antivirus program for antivirus prOteCtlon
Firewall installation
Data storage in two or more locations (offsite storage)
Removed hard copies (printed versions of data)
)A firewall is a tool that can either be hardware or software. Its purpose is to protect computers against threats from intruders breaking into your computer or network via the Internet by:- accessing the data on your computer; running programs designed to spread malware to other computers over the Internet.
A firewall is a security network that can be either hardware or software, or both, and is meant to protect computer systems and networks from harmful intrusions. Antivirus is a software utility application that protects a system against internal attacks such as viruses, trojan horses, spyware, and so on.
Describe strategies for managing releases and updates
What is release and updates?
Release
A product release is the process of launching a new productfor a specific market or user base.
Release
A product release is the process of launching a new productfor a specific market or user base.
what are patches
Patches
– Address new security vulnerabilities
– Address software stability issues
– Upgrade the software
A patch is a software update comprised code inserted (or patched) into the code of an executable program.
How to get updates ( 2)
Manually (download and install them yourself)
– Pro: Full control
– Con: Time consuming
Automatically (software automatically contacts the developer, downloads and installs any updates)
– Pro: Don’t have to think/worry about updates, always up to date
– Con: No control – bad update might crash the system
what is Release Management
and what are 2 ways
Release management refers to the process of planning, designing, scheduling, testing, deploying, and controlling software releases.
Continuous delivery:Continuous delivery is a software engineering approach in which teams produce software in short cycles, ensuring that the software can be reliably released at any time.
Agile software development DevOps: Agile software development describes an approach to software development under which requirements and solutions evolve through the collaborative effort of self- organizing and cross-functional teams and their customers/end users.
What Is TELOS
Telos:
Technical feasibility: Is the existing technology suffeince to implement the proposed system.
Economic feasibilityL; is the proposed system cost effective
Legal feasibility: ar thre are confilictics between the proposed system and any law
Operational feasibility: can the orgnazation maintenance and operate the new system
Scedle feasibility: How long will we wait?
A computer system includes
A computer system includes input, Processing, Storage, Output, and Communication devices.
A communications device is any type of hardware capable of transmitting data, instructions, and information between a sending device and a receiving device.
A communications device is :
A communications device is any type of hardware capable of transmitting data, instructions, and information between a sending device and a receiving device.
A system flowchart.:
refers to the description of a data processing system, including the flow of data through individual programs involved, but excluding the details of such programs.
A data flow diagram is
A data flow diagram is usually used to describe the prigram to be solved(alanzied). A DFD shows how data moves through a system and the data stores that the system uses.
data flow diagram shows the way information flows through a process or system. It includes data inputs and outputs, data stores, and the various subprocesses the data moves through.
