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chest pain > ECG pathology > Flashcards

ECG pathology Flashcards

1
Q

Abnormalities in the Leads 2 corresponds to what coronary artery

A

Right coronary artery

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2
Q

Abnormalities in the Leads 3 corresponds to what coronary artery

A

Right coronary artery

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3
Q

Abnormalities in the Lead aVF corresponds to what coronary artery

A

Right coronary artery

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4
Q

Abnormalities in the Lead aVL corresponds to what coronary artery

A

More circumflex artery but can also be lateral anterior descending artery

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5
Q

Abnormalities in the Lead V1 corresponds to what coronary artery

A

lateral anterior descending artery

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6
Q

Abnormalities in the Lead V2 corresponds to what coronary artery

A

lateral anterior descending artery

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7
Q

Abnormalities in the Lead V3 corresponds to what coronary artery

A

lateral anterior descending artery more commonly

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8
Q

Abnormalities in the Lead V4 corresponds to what coronary artery

A

lateral anterior descending artery more commonly

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9
Q

Abnormalities in the Lead V5 corresponds to what coronary artery

A

More circumflex artery but can also be lateral anterior descending artery

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10
Q

Abnormalities in the Lead V6 corresponds to what coronary artery

A

More circumflex artery but can also be lateral anterior descending artery

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11
Q

Abnormalities in the Lead 1 corresponds to what coronary artery

A

More circumflex artery but can also be lateral anterior descending artery

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12
Q

Where would it be seen on an ECG for ischemia in the Right coronary artery

A

Leads 2 and 3 and avF

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13
Q

Where would it be seen on an ECG for ischemia in the circumflex artery

A

1, aVL, V5 V6

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14
Q

Where would it be seen on

an ECG for ischemia in the lateral anterior descending artery

A

V1-4 more commonly in v3-4

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15
Q

Abnormalities in the Leads 2 corresponds to what part of the heart

A

Inferior

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16
Q

Abnormalities in the Leads 3 corresponds to what part of the heart

A

Inferior

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17
Q

Abnormalities in the Lead aVF corresponds to what part of the heart

A

Inferior

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18
Q

Abnormalities in the Lead aVL corresponds to what part of the heart

A

Lateral

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19
Q

Abnormalities in the Lead V1 corresponds to what part of the heart

A

Septal

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20
Q

Abnormalities in the Lead V2 corresponds to what part of the heart

A

Septal

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21
Q

Abnormalities in the Lead V3 corresponds to what part of the heart

A

Anterior

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22
Q

Abnormalities in the Lead V4 corresponds to what part of the heart

A

Anterior

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23
Q

Abnormalities in the Lead V5 corresponds to what part of the heart

A

Lateral

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24
Q

Abnormalities in the Lead V6 corresponds to what part of the heart

A

Lateral

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25
Q

Abnormalities in the Lead 1 corresponds to what part of the heart

A

Lateral

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26
Q

Where would it be seen on

an ECG for ischemia in the lateral part of the heart

A

Lead 1 aVL, V5 V6

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27
Q

Where would it be seen on

an ECG for ischemia in the inferior part of the heart

A

Leads 2 and 3 and avF

28
Q

Where would it be seen on

an ECG for ischemia in the septal part of the heart

A

V1 and V2

29
Q

Where would it be seen on

an ECG for ischemia in the anterior part of the heart

A

V3 and V4

30
Q

What are signs in ECG of ischemia?

A

ST depression

Specific area is not related to ischemia

31
Q

What are signs in ECG of acute MI? Stages

A

ECG often evolves through a number of stages

  • Normal
  • Hyperacute T waves
  • ST segment elevation
  • Improvement in ST segments with reperfusion
  • T wave inversion
  • Pathological Q waves
32
Q

Typical presentation of MI

A

Crushing central chest pain radiating to left arm

Nausea

33
Q

How are ST elevations determined on an ECG officially

A

2 millimetre gap on precordial leads v1 - v6

1 millimetre gap on cordial leads 1-3 and aVL R F

34
Q

How are people with MI treated?

A

PCI - procerus coronary intervention

35
Q

What disease causes pathological q waves

A

transmural MI

36
Q

What are q waves?

A

Depressions in ECG after P wave before QRS complex

37
Q

Which leads are Q waves normal?

A

Leads 1
V5
V6

38
Q

What does normal Q waves mean?

A

Depolarization of your inter ventricular septum going from left to right

39
Q

How do you distinguish a pathological Q wave from a normal Q wave

A

> 1mm /40 ms or >25% of the height of the wave

40
Q

How do you diagnose arythmia?

A 
What is the QRS rate?
Are the QRS complexes regular?
Is the QRS broad or narrow?
Are there P waves?
What is the P:QRS relation?
41
Q

What does a broad QRS complex tell us?

A

arrhythmia coming from the ventricles

42
Q

What does a narrow QRS complex tell us?

A

Supraventricular arrhythmia

Above ventricles

43
Q

Whats atrial fibrillation

A

desynchronize electrical activity in the atria.

44
Q

How does atrial fibrillation present on an ECG

A

Irregularly irregular heart rate
Absence of P waves
Wondering isoelectric lines

45
Q

How do you calculate heart rate in AF patients

A

Count QRS complexes x 6

46
Q

What is sinoatrial disease

A

Malfunction of sinus node

47
Q

How does sinoatrial disease present on an ECG

A

Lots of PQRST complexes interchangeable with no response flatlining

48
Q

Why does does sinoatrial disease present on an ECG like this

A

Firing off SA node and then can stop working

49
Q

What is a heart block

A

Refers to AV blocks

Some blocking in the conduction pathways happening between the atria and then further down in the ventricles

50
Q

Where is the block in first degree heart block

A

the block tends to be above the level of the AV node

51
Q

How do you measure the P-R interval?

A

from the beginning of the upslope of the P wave to the beginning of the QRS wave

52
Q

How do you measure the Q-T interval?

A

from the beginning of the QRS complex to the end of the T wave

53
Q

How do you measure QRS complex?

A

start measuring the END of the PR interval to the END of S-wave

54
Q

What does first degree heart block look like on an ECG?

A

prolonged PR interval >200ms 1 big square same for each one

Ratio of P wave to QRS complex is 1:1

55
Q

What are the two types of second degree heart block

A

Mobitz Type 1

Mobitz Type 2

56
Q

What does second degree Mobitz Type 1 heart block look like on an ECG?

A

Gradually longer PR interval then dropped QRS complex then normal again and circle restarts

57
Q

What does second degree Mobitz Type 2 heart block look like on an ECG?

A

Fixed normal P-R Interval but dropped QRS complex regular so 2 normal then no QRS then again 2

58
Q

Where is the block in second degree Mobitz Type 1 heart block

A

block is at the level of the AV node

59
Q

What happens to create the ECG in second degree Mobitz Type 1 heart block

A

The cells in the AV node become increasingly fatigued so they try and it gets harder and harder then they stop and it resets

60
Q

What is second degree Mobitz Type 1 heart block also known as

A

Wenchebach phenomenon

61
Q

What is third degree AV block also known as?

A

Complete heart block

62
Q

What happens to heart with third degree heart block

A

complete dissociation between what the atria are doing what the sinoatrial node is doing and what the ventricle is doing our ventricular myocytes start taking over and they produce these big QRS complexes

63
Q

What does third degree heart block look like on an ECG?

A

Regular broad QRS

No relation between P and QRS

64
Q

Which heart blocks are emergencies?

A

second degree Mobitz Type 2

Complete heart block

65
Q

What does PE look like on an ECG?

A

sinus tachycardia
S1 Q3 T3 sign- big deep S-wave in lead 1, Pathologic Q wave in Lead 3, Inverted T wave in Lead 3
(Less)- right bundle branch block
(Less)- RAD

chest pain (8 decks)

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