Topic 1 - The Periodic Table

Question 1

What is the mass number?

Answer 1

The number of the protons and neutrons.
Bigger

Question 2

What is the atomic number?

Answer 2

The number of protons and (electrons).
Smaller

Question 3

What is the charge of a proton?

Answer 3

+1

Question 4

What is the mass of a proton?

Answer 4

1

Question 5

What is the charge of a neutron?

Answer 5

0

Question 6

What is the mass of a neutron?

Answer 6

1

Question 7

What is the charge of an electron?

Answer 7

-1

Question 8

What is the mass of an electron?

Answer 8

Negligible

Question 9

What is the definition of ions?

Answer 9

Electrically charged particles formed when atoms lose or gain electrons. They have a different number of electrons and protons.

Question 10

What is the definition of an isotope?

Answer 10

Atoms of an element with the same number of protons but a different number of neutrons. This means their mass numbers will be different but atomic number will be the same.

Question 11

What is relative atomic mass?

Answer 11

The mean mass of an atom of an element relevant the mass of an atom of carbon-12.

Question 12

What is the equation for relative atomic mass?

Answer 12

(Abundance X mass) + (Abundance X mass) / 100

Question 13

What is the definition of electron configuration?

Answer 13

How electrons are arranged in the shells.

Question 14

How many electrons can each shell hold?

Answer 14

Shell 1 - 2
Shell 2 - 8
Shell 3 - 8
Shell 4 - 2
2.8.8.2

Question 15

What does the group number tell you?

Answer 15

The number of electrons in the outer shell.
It has elements with similar chemical properties.

Question 16

What does the period number tell you?

Answer 16

The number of shells.

Question 17

What did John Dalton discover about the atom?

Answer 17

Atoms are spheres (had a particular size and mass)
Billiard ball model

Question 18

What did JJ Tomson discover about the atom?

Answer 18

Discovered the electron negatively charged particles dotted in the sphere.
Plum pudding model

Question 19

What did Rutherford discover about the atom?

Answer 19

Positive nucleus with electrons around the outside.
Empty space between nucleus and electrons.
Nuclear model

Question 20

What did Niels Bohr discover about the atom?

Answer 20

Electrons orbit the nucleus in shells.

Question 21

What is an atom?

Answer 21

The smallest particle of an element that still has its chemical properties.

Question 22

What is a molecule?

Answer 22

Two or more atoms chemically joined together.

Question 23

What is a compound?

Answer 23

Two or more different elements chemically joined together.

Question 24

Similarities between Modern periodic table and Mendeleev’s periodic table.

Answer 24

• Elements into groups/periods
• Metals and non-metals
• Elements with similar properties in same group.

Question 25

Differences between modern periodic table and Mendeleev’s periodic table.

Answer 25

• No gaps in modern periodic gable.
• Different element names
• More elements in modern
• Accurate atomic mass in modern
• Groupings aren’t the same
• Mendeleev’s table arranged by relative atomic mass but now it’s atomic number.
• Mendeleev’s didn’t include noble gasses (group 0)

Question 26

What side are metals on the periodic table?

Answer 26

Left

Question 27

What side are non-metals on the periodic table?

Answer 27

Right

Question 28

What is the charge when electrons are gained?

Answer 28

Negative charge

Question 29

What is the charge when electrons are lost?

Answer 29

Positive charge

Question 30

How did Mendeleev arrange the elements?

Answer 30

In order of increasing relative atomic mass.
However this wasn’t always true because of the relative abundance of isotopes of some pairs of elements.

Question 31

What is the difference in the atomic structure of metals and non-metals?

Answer 31

• Metal elements give away electrons in their reactions to form positive ions.
• Non-metal elements gain electrons in some of their reactions to form negative ions.