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Physics > Electrostatics > Flashcards

Electrostatics Flashcards

1
Q

What is the electrostatics?

A

The study of charges at rest

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2
Q

What is the charge of an atom at rest?

A

Neutral

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3
Q

Are protons and electrons numbers the same?

A

They are equal

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4
Q

Do atoms have net charge? Explain

A

No net charge. The overall charge is constant

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5
Q

Explain the structure of an atom

A

Consists of a central neutral which contains protons and neutrons

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6
Q

What are nucleons?

A

Protons + neutrons

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7
Q

Which is the nucleus surrounded?

A

Electrons

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8
Q

What do the positions of the electrons mean?

A

Electrons can leave or enter an atom. Which change the charge of a neutral atom

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9
Q

How are objects charge?

A

Objects or charge through friction

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10
Q

Define friction

A

Resistance to one surface or object encounters when moving over another

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11
Q

When does friction occur?

A

Occurs when surfaces of two objects are rubbed together

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12
Q

What is the process of electron transfer?

A

Result of two objects coming into contact with each other

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13
Q

What is separating two objects known as?

A

The triboelectric charging

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14
Q

What does tribo mean?

A

To rub

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15
Q

What is the result of the triboelectric charging?

A

Results in one object gaining electrons on its surface and becoming negatively charged. Another object loses electrons and becomes positively charged

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16
Q

Define triboelectric series

A

List that runs various materials according to the tendency to gain or lose electrons

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17
Q

What does the top of the triboelectric series mean?

A

Very positive

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18
Q

What does the bottom of the triboelectric series mean?

A

Very negative

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19
Q

What happens when an object or atom loses electrons?

A

They become positively charged as there is a shortage of electrons

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20
Q

What happens when an object or atom gains electrons?

A

They become negatively charged as there is excess electrons

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21
Q

What can the two types of charges are cause objects to do?

A

Attract and repel

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22
Q

What is two types of charges attract?

A

They pull together. One object is positively charged and the other object is negatively charged. Unlike charges attract

23
Q

What two types of charges repel?

A

Push away. Both objects are either positively charged or negatively charged. Like charges repel

24
Q

Before electrons have been transferred what type of charge does an atom have?

A

Neutral. Equal amount of positive and negative charges

25
Q

Do protons have the ability to transfer?

A

No protons are transferred. During the charging process the total number of negative and positive charges remain constant.

26
Q

What creates the charge of an object to become bigger?

A

More charges accumulate on the object

27
Q

When does charges transfer more readily?

A

Charges transfer more readily when the area is dry as there are no water molecules – third object

28
Q

What does the type of charge caused by friction depend on?

A

Depends on the kind of material rubbed together

29
Q

Define electroscope

A

Device used to detect the presence of a charge

30
Q

What is an electroscope constructed with?

A

Constructed with a metal plate which is the At the top of a metal rod. Thin foil leaves hang from the bottom of the rod. Foil can attract or repel

31
Q

What happens when the charge is put on the disc or cap?

A

It spreads down to the plate and leaf. The leaf and plate will have the same charge and therefore the charges will rip out. Delete rises away from the plate

32
Q

What has to happen for the leave to move further away from the rod?

A

The bigger the charge the more the leaf rises or deflects

33
Q

How can the leaf fall again?

A

By touching the disc or cap, which earths the electroscope. Electrons travel to the next item

34
Q

What is two ways can an electroscope be charged in?

A

Contacts and induction

35
Q

Define contact

A

Charged rod is touched on the surface of the desk. Some charges are transferred. Same charges as the leaf repels

36
Q

Define induction

A

Charged rod is brought close to the desk and then electroscope is earth. The rand is moved

37
Q

Define the Van De Graaf generator

A

A machine which uses friction to generate a large buildup of electric charge on a metal dome

38
Q

What happens when you bring something close to the Van De Graaf generator

A

You will get shocked

39
Q

What is the Graaf generator use to demonstrate?

A

The effects of electrostatic charge

40
Q

When does the big metal dome become positively charged?

A

When the generator is on

41
Q

How can the dome be discharge?

A

By bringing another insulated metal sphere close to the Dome

42
Q

Where will the electrons jump once you discharge the Graaf generator?

A

Electrons will jump to the dome from the metal sphere which causes a spark

43
Q

When the generator starts charging where does it transfer the charge?

A

To the person touching it

44
Q

Why does all the persons hair is repel when they touch the Graaf generator?

A

They’re all receiving the same charge

45
Q

What is the principle of conservation of charge?

A

States that the net charge of an isolated system remains constant during any physical process

46
Q

Define isolated system

A

No other thing touching it

47
Q

What is the rule of electric charge?

A

It cannot be created nor destroyed it can only be transferred from one object to another

48
Q

What is the unit of charge?

A

Coulombs (C)

49
Q

What is the symbol of charge

A

Q

50
Q

When two objects Touch how long do the electrons transfer until?

A

To object touch the electrons are transferred into objects have the same charge

51
Q

What happens once the objects have the same charge?

A

The objects separate

52
Q

What is the objects separating once they have the same charge known as?

A

A force of repulsion

53
Q

What does the total charge before contact equal to?

A

Total charge before contact = total charge after contact. The total amount to charge in the system remains the same

54
Q

How do we calculate the charge on each object after they have been touch? Formula

A

Qnew = Q1+Q2/2

Physics (15 decks)

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