Unit 1: Ancient Greece and Rome

Question 1

Who was Octavian?

Answer 1

A successful general and Julius Caesar’s grandnephew who won and become first Emperor of Rome.

Question 2

What was the time period of the Classical Age

Answer 2

4th and 5th Century BC

Question 3

2 largest city-states during the Classical Age

Answer 3

Athens and Sparta

Question 4

What was Athenian government system?

Answer 4

Direct Democracy

Question 5

What was Spartan government system?

Answer 5

Oligarchy

Question 6

Greco-Persian Wars

Answer 6

the Athenians and the Spartans combined forces to defeat the Persians

Question 7

Peloponnesian War

Answer 7

The Spartans defeated the Athenians

Question 8

Herodotus

Answer 8

The first historian

Question 9

Meaning of “history”

Answer 9

Greek word for “investigation”

Question 10

Pericles

Answer 10

Athenian statesman who promoted democracy, art, education, and the restoration of buildings atop the Acropolis, including the Parthenon

Question 11

True or False: The Greeks were polytheistic

Answer 11

True

Question 12

Pierre de Coubertin

Answer 12

French historian who revived the Olympic Games in 1896 as a way of fostering international peace and friendship

Question 13

Socrates

Answer 13

Taught Plato; “Know thyself” “Question everything”; developed Socratic Method; only the pursuit of goodness brings about happiness

Question 14

Plato

Answer 14

Taught Aristotle; Wrote The Republic; distrusted democracy after the death penalty was ordered for Socrates; believed that society was divided into 3 classes: workers, soldiers, philosophers to rule (philosopher-king)

Question 15

Aristotle

Answer 15

Taught Alexander the Great; Wrote Politics; believed the people could effectively govern themselves; Wrote the Athenian Constitution

Question 16

Alexander the Great

Answer 16

a Macedonian king; Conquered 2000 sq. miles around the Mediterranean

Question 17

Hellenistic Age

Answer 17

the term for the blend of Greek, Persian, Egyptian, and Indian cultures during the 4th and 3rd century BC

Question 18

Punic Wars

Answer 18

By the 2nd century BC, Greece was weaker, and Rome defeated Carthage in the Punic Wars.

Question 19

Hannibal

Answer 19

a Carthaginian general whose army rode elephants

Question 20

How was Roman society divided?

Answer 20

oman society was divided into patricians (upper class) and plebeians (common people) when Rome became a republic (indirect democracy)

Question 21

Who made the laws in Roman Republic

Answer 21

300 members of the senate

Question 22

Who made the laws in Roman Republic

Answer 22

300 members of the senate

Question 23

Who made the laws in Roman Republic

Answer 23

300 members of the senate

Question 24

Who made the laws in Roman Republic

Answer 24

300 members of the senate

Question 25

Who selected the members of the senate

Answer 25

the patricians

Question 26

What did the 2 consuls do

Answer 26

supervised the senate and led the army

Question 27

What did the 10 members of tribunes do

Answer 27

protected their (plebeians’) interests with a veto

Question 28

What did Julius Caesar achieve

Answer 28

conquered Gaul (Frances); gave the poor public land and jobs on public works projects after forcing the senate to make him dictator

Question 29

Marc Anthony

Answer 29

an unsuccessful general who had supported Julius Caesar and committed suicide during the civil war

Question 30

Cicero

Answer 30

a supporter of the republic who was killed during the civil war

Question 31

Octavian

Answer 31

a successful general & Julius Caesar’s grandnephew who won and became Augustus Caesar, the first Emperor of Rome

Question 32

Pax Romana

Answer 32

the period of relative prosperity and stable government over the next 200 years after the Roman Empire began and when Octavian was ruling

Question 33

Emperor Nero

Answer 33

notorious; waged war on Judea, executed his own mother, “fiddled while Roman burned”

Question 34

Emperor Titus

Answer 34

Emperor Nero’s successor who was a tyrant with a turbulent reign.

Question 35

Jesus was crucified during the reign of _______

Answer 35

Emperor Tiberius

Question 36

Emperor Constantine

Answer 36

moved the capital from Rome in the West to Istanbul (Constantinople) in the East; passed the Edict of Milan, granting freedom of worship to all people in the Roman Empire

Question 37

Who brought down the Roman Empire

Answer 37

the Visigoths (Germans)

Question 38

Parthenon

Answer 38

a temple designed to show the power and importance of the city as well their reverence to the goddess of wisdom, Athena

Question 39

What event destroyed the city of Pompeii

Answer 39

Mt. Vesuvius eruption