Cognitive Approach Flashcards
what does the cognitive approach focus on?
internal processes within the mind
perception
memory
problem solving
what do cognitive psychologists see the brain as working like?
a computer which processes the information from our senses
what are schemas?
small ‘pockets of knowledge’ or belief systems that we hold that help us to interpret events
what is a role schema?
how we should behave in a given situation
what in an event schema?
how specific events or activities should be
what is self schema?
projections or ideas about ourselves
what was Bartlett (1932)’s case study?
war of the ghosts
investigate how memory of a story is affected by knowledge
what was Bartletts hypothesis?
memory is reconstructive and people store and retrieve information according to expectations based on cultural schemas
what was the procedure of Bartlett’s study?
used serial reproduction
told a native american story to british participants
what types of distortion did Bartlett (1932) find in the results of his study?
assimilation
levelling
sharpening
what is assimilation?
story became more consistent with the participants own cultural expectations - it was changed to fit the norms of British culture
what is levelling?
story became shorter with each retelling as participants omitted information which was seen as not important
what is sharpening?
the order of the story was changed to try and make sense of it, using terms more familiar to British culture, also adding detail
what is theoretical modelling?
sensory store
↓attention
short term memory store
retrieval↑↓transfer
long term storewhat is computer modelling?
input -> processing -> output
