2.8 Flashcards
cell respiration
the controlled release of energy from organic compounds to produce ATP.
ATP and ADP
ATP: Universal energy molecule
ADP is a empty energy carrier. when another phosphate is added it becomes ATP and carries the unusable energy in the last high energy phosphate bond.
When ATP gives up its energy, it loses a phosphate and becomes ADP and gos back to the cytoplasm and mitochondria to be recharged with energy via respiration.
why is ATP important
all cells need energy for cell processes.
these processes use energy in the form of ATP adenosine triphosphate.
ATP is an immediate source of energy to a cell.
can diffuse anywhere and releases energy quickly
each cell produces its own ATP from foods
respiration
the controlled release of energy from food
Aerobic respiration
aerobic cell respiration requires oxygen and gives a large yield of ATP from glucose.
occurs in the cytoplasm and mitochondria
uses oxygen
glucose + oxygen => carbon dioxide + water + energy
releases a large amount of ATP
WHat are the three main stages of Aerobic respiration
Glycolysis
Krebs cycle
electron transport chain
glycolysis
produces 2 ATP when glucose is split into 3 carbon pyruvate molecules releasing H2 and CO2.
including acetyl coenzyme A formation which is a 2 carbon molecule in the cytoplasm
Krebs cycle
Produces 2 ATP as a series of reactions breaks up these molecules into H2
occurs in the matrix of the mitcochondria
Electron transport chain
produces 34 ATP as the H2 combines with O2 to produce water.
Electron transport chain
produces 34 ATP as the H2 combines with O2 to produce water.
locations of reactions in respiration
glycosis: cytoplasm
Krebs cycle: matrox of the mitochondria
electron transport cycle: the increased surface area of the folded cristae surface
anerobic respiration
gives small yield of ATP from glucose
if there is no oxygen then only glycolysis occurs which is no efficient as only 2 ATP are produced as only glucose can be used
