Allergy/Immunology

Question 0

Antibody mediated allergic response

Answer 0

Type II Allergic Reaction

Question 1

IgE mediated (anaphylactic) allergic reaction

Answer 1

Type I Allergic Response

Question 2

Immune Complex Deposition

Answer 2

Type III Allergic Reaction

Question 3

Delayed Hypersensitivity (Poison Ivy) Reaction

Answer 3

Type IV Allergic Reaction

Question 4

Recurrent pyogenic infections

Answer 4

B cell (Ab) dysfunction

Question 5

Chronic or recurrent candida infection (nails, scalp, or mouth)

Answer 5

T cell dysfunction

Question 6

• Eczema and petichiae (thrombocytopenia)
• X-linked
• low IgM
• humoral and cellular immunodeficiency
• autoimmune disease and malignancy
• Tx: manage bleeding and infx, BMT

Answer 6

Wiskott Aldrich Syndrome

Question 7

• absence of lymphoid tissue
• defect in B and T cell function
• dermatitis, diarrhea, FTT, thrush, otitis, LTI
• low normal WBC
• Dx: analysis of T, B, and NK cell subsets
• Tx: BMT
• also adenosine deaminase deficincy

Answer 7

SCID

Question 8

-absence of thymic shadow
Cardiac defects
Abnl face (low set ears)
Thymic hypoplasia
Cleft palate
Hypocalcemia (tetany)
22- long arm of Xsome 22

Answer 8

DiGeorge Syndrome

Question 9

• “ataxia” w/ discoloration of the conjunctiva

- frequent sinus infx

Answer 9

Ataxia Telangectasia

Question 10

• No B cells
• decr lymphoid tissue
• recurrent infx with encapsulated pyogenic bacteria (pseudomonas, S. pneumo, H. flu)- pna, otitis
• X-linked
• low IgGAMEs–>B&T cell subsets
• require IVIG

Answer 10

Bruton’s X-linked agammaglobulinemia

Question 11

• defective Ab response
• B lymphocytes don’t differentiate
• deficiency of Ig sub-types
• may have T cell defects too
• recurrent URTI, LRTI, herpes zoster
• associated with autoimmune disease, lymphoma and EBV
• require IVIG

Answer 11

CVID

Question 12

• recurrent overwhelming meningococcal disease

- most are autosomal recessive

Answer 12

Complement deficiency

Question 13

• T cell abnl prevents IgM–>IgG
• absence of CD 40 ligand
• disruption of B cell differentiation
• frequent otitis, sinopulmonary infx, diarrhea, and opportunistic infx
• low IgG, A, E, incr IgM
• X linked (males)
• Tx: IVIG

Answer 13

Hyper IgM

Question 14

• MC immunodeficiency

- recurrent sinopulmonary infx

Answer 14

IgA deficiency

Question 15

• eosinophilia, eczema, incr IgE
• recurrent sinus infx, thrush, fractures, skeletal abnl, sinopulmonary infx
• Tx: Abx, steroids

Answer 15

Job Syndrome (Hyper IgE)

Question 16

• decr T-helper function–>decr IgG, IgA
• manifests by 6 months
• outgrow by 3-6 years
• no intrinsic B cell deficiency

Answer 16

Transient Hypogammaglobulinemia of Infancy

Question 17

• disorder of phagocyte function
• cannot kill bacteria ad fungi
• 2/3 X-linked, 1/3 AR
• present by age 5
• skin, GI, lung, liver, lymph node, and spleen infx
• granulomas of skin, GI, GU
• Dx: NTB test
• Tx: Abx & interferon gamma

Answer 17

Chronic Granulomatous Disease

Question 18

• defect in chemotaxis
• high WBC
• perirectal abscess, skin infx, omphalitis
• no pus and minimal inflammation
• delayed wound healing (umbilical cord separation)
• Tx: BMT

Answer 18

Leukocyte Adhesion Deficiency

Question 19

• fevers, wt loss, night sweats, malaise
• decr CD4 count
• incr Ig in 1st year
• must receive PCP PPx
• Tx: 2 nucleosidase analogs and a protease inhibitor

Answer 19

HIV

Question 20

-nucleosidase analog

Answer 20

Zidovudine

Question 21

-reverse transcriptase inhibitor

Answer 21

Nevirapine

Question 22

-Protease inhibitor

Answer 22

Indinavir

Question 23

-tests neutrophil activity (not number)

Answer 23

NBT (Nitroblue Tetrazdium)

Question 24

-tests the complement system

Answer 24

CH50

Question 25

-tests for cell mediated immunity associated with T cell defects

Answer 25

TB/Candida skin test

Question 26

-tests the humoral system

Answer 26

IgGAMEs

Question 27

-tests the ability of the cells to migrate in LAD

Answer 27

Rebuck Skin Window