2.4 The Civil Rights Movement 1965-75

Question 1

What happened between 1964 and 1968?

Answer 1

• 329 major riots in 257 US cities

- 220 deaths and over 50:000 arresrs

Question 2

When was the first large scale riot in New York city?

Answer 2

1964-2 weeks after civil rights act

Question 3

Why did the riots happen in the summee

Answer 3

When ghetto conditions were at their worst so tempers were short

Question 4

What are 5 reasons for the riots

Answer 4

• police discrimination
• disriminztion by white officials
• twixe as likely to be unemployed
• poor wuakity education
• more than twice as likely to be poor

Question 5

How was discrimination by white officials a reason for the riot?

Answer 5

City officials did not respond to complains about such issues such as badly-repaired roads or landlord harassment

Question 6

How was police discimination a reason for the riots?

Answer 6

Police seemed more concered with harassing young black men than keeping the ghettos safe

Question 7

What was the pattern for the riots that were occuring?

Remember 80% timestarted with black men + riots caused more people to join the black power movement

Answer 7

1. Trigger incident involving police
2. Minor attacks on property e.g brick throwing
3. Increased violence and looting
4. State troops brought in to stop violence-promises of reform are made and calm is restored

Question 8

When was the Kerner report?

Answer 8

1968

Question 9

What was the key points of the Kerner report?

Answer 9

• riots are result of ghetto conditions-produced by segregation and discrimination
• riots occur after white officials fail to fix problems black community point out
• police make situation worse due to violence
• police should provide more protection to ghettos

Question 10

What caused the Kerner report?

Answer 10

In july 1967, Johnson set up an enquiry into the riots

Question 11

What caused Kings’s campaign in the North?

Answer 11

-shocked by his visit to Watts and wanted to show that non-violet direct action could still get results

Question 12

What happened in the Watt riot?

Answer 12

LA in 1965, caused by police violemce when arresting a black man but also was a reactio to ghetto conditions in selma

Question 13

What was the plan for King’s campagin in the north?

Answer 13

SCLC: operation breadbasket:- boycotts to presure white businesses to employ more black people

SCLC: fight segregated housing and high rents

Question 14

Why was it harder for the SCLC to connect with people in the north than the south?

Answer 14

Hard to connect with ghetto gangs

Question 15

How was the opposition different in king’s northern campaign?

Answer 15

Chiacago’s mayor Daley sounded resonable and supportive in negociations but did nothing

Question 16

What happened before the marches could begin?

Answer 16

A riot broke out, King’s appeals for calm ignored

-state troops break up riot and Daley accuses SCLC of starting the riot

Question 17

What was the agreement that caused King to leave

Answer 17

Daley has meetings with Chicago freedom movement which led to agreements on fairer housing prices

Question 18

Why was the campagin seen as a failure?

Answer 18

• King couldn’t prevent the riot

- Daley ignored the agreement and housing prices didn’t change

Question 19

When is King assasinated?

Answer 19

April 1968

Question 20

What happened in the weeks after King’s death?

Answer 20

• 172 riots it towns and cities over the USA, 27,000 arrested and 4 billion damage caused
• 1968 civil righrd act passed

Question 21

What did the 1968 civil rights act include?

Answer 21

-fair houssing, housing sales and rent. Federal protection given to civil rights workers although more severe punishments for rioting

Question 22

What was the later impact of King’s death!

Answer 22

• loss of support from white people-King was related to and his death accelerated white people’s opposition to black peoples demand for equality
• SNCC changes N from non-violent to national, looses nearly all its original members

Question 23

Why did the Vietnam war annoy black Americans?

Answer 23

Their demands for equality were not being ,et yet they were expected to fight

(Think Mohammad Ali)

Question 24

What did Nixon do for civil rights when he became president in 1969

Answer 24

• set up funding and training for black businesses
• tax breaks to white owned businesses that set up branches in black neighbourhoods
• more black officials in the white house

Question 25

What happened in 1970?

Answer 25

Voting rights act changef to ban state literacy tests