abortion

Question 1

early abortion

Answer 1

<12 weeks

Question 2

what time do we categorise a still birth

Answer 2

> 20 weeks

Question 3

main reasons for miscarriage in 1st trimetster

Answer 3

chromosomal abnormlaities

Question 4

what is overdistention of uterus

Answer 4

Overdistended uterus is said to be present when the height of the fundus is greater than the gestational age. First consideration of this condition is wrong dates of last menstrual period.

Question 5

tx threatened abortion

Answer 5

drugs (spasmolytics such as bucolysin , progesterone and magnesium and bed rest

Question 6

what does products of cocneption mean

Answer 6

Products of conception is a medical term used to identify any tissues that develop from a pregnancy. It is commonly used by doctors to include not only the fetus but also the placenta and any other tissues that may result from a fertilized egg

Question 7

def incomplete abortion

Answer 7

incomplete passage of products of conception

Question 8

tx incomplete abortion

Answer 8

the products should spontaneously clear themselves

but if not then D& C and drugs such as misoprostol

Question 9

which types of abortions have closed cervix

Answer 9

complete abortion

threatened abortion

Question 10

def habitutaual abortion

Answer 10

> 3 spontaneous abortions/miscarriages

Question 11

methods to expel the fetus

Answer 11

<12 weeks- use vaginal suction

>12 weeks - use drugs, prostaglandins, oxytocin

Question 12

medications used for abortion

Answer 12

antiprogesterone : mifepristone
prostaglandins - misopristol
methotrexate 
oxytocin 
hyperosmotic  saline 20% saline + 30% urea

Question 13

procedure with the anti progesterone agents

Answer 13

give mifepristone to DIS IMPLANT fetus and endometrium breaks down then give prostaglandins. if before 9 weeks it can be given straight after mifepristone and if >9 weeks wait 1-3 days after mifepristone

Question 14

d+ c is mainly used for

Answer 14

1st trimester abortions

Question 15

which method is more appropriate for 2&3rd trimester

Answer 15

Dilation of cervix
 Fetus dismembered in uterus and remove piece by piece
 Surgical pliers required as babys skull and spine have formed
 Nurse or surgical technician must reassemble baby to make sure uterus is empty
 On abortion day, drugs (prostaglandins) used to induce contractions  fetus
delivered within 8-72 hours

Question 16

types of surgical abortions

Answer 16

Dilation and curettage
 Vacuum aspiration (suction aspiration)
 Dilation and evacuation

Question 17

def abortion

Answer 17

Abortion is the spontaneous or induced (therapeutic) expulsion of the products of conception from the uterus before 20 weeks of gestation or if the foetal weight is less than 500 g.
The early abortion: occurs before 12w
The late abortion: occurs after 12w

Question 18

rf for miscarriage

Answer 18

previous miscarriage 
advanced age 
metabolic diseases like thyroids and diabetes 
lupus etc 
TORCH