11.5A Instrument Sytems Flashcards by John Watts

Which four instruments make up the Basic T?
a) Airspeed Indicator, Attitude Directional Indicator, Altimeter, Horizontal Situation Indicator
b) Airspeed Indicator, Vertical Speed Indicator, Compass, Tachometer
c) Altimeter, Fuel Gauge, Artificial Horizon, Speedometer

a) Airspeed Indicator, Attitude Directional Indicator, Altimeter, Horizontal Situation Indicator

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What six instruments make up the Basic Six?
a) Airspeed Indicator, Attitude Indicator, Altimeter, Turn Coordinator, Heading Indicator, Vertical Speed Indicator
b) Airspeed Indicator, Altimeter, Fuel Gauge, Tachometer, Compass, Oil Pressure Gauge
c) Attitude Indicator, Vertical Speed Indicator, Speedometer, Altimeter, GPS, Autopilot

a) Airspeed Indicator, Attitude Indicator, Altimeter, Turn Coordinator, Heading Indicator, Vertical Speed Indicator

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What does the Airspeed Indicator (ASI) show?
a) A reference speed for aerodynamic parameters like lift and drag
b) The aircraft’s altitude
c) The direction of the aircraft

a) A reference speed for aerodynamic parameters like lift and drag

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What does the Attitude Directional Indicator (ADI) show?
a) The roll and pitch attitude of the aircraft relative to the horizon
b) The altitude of the aircraft
c) The magnetic heading

a) The roll and pitch attitude of the aircraft relative to the horizon

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What does the Altimeter measure?
a) The aircraft’s altitude based on barometric pressure
b) Airspeed
c) Heading

a) The aircraft’s altitude based on barometric pressure

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What does the Horizontal Situation Indicator (HSI) show?
a) The aircraft’s direction in relation to magnetic north
b) Altitude
c) Speed

a) The aircraft’s direction in relation to magnetic north

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Which instruments of the Basic Six are powered by pressure?
a) Airspeed Indicator, Altimeter, and Vertical Speed Indicator
b) Attitude Indicator, Turn Coordinator, and Heading Indicator
c) Airspeed Indicator, Attitude Indicator, and Heading Indicator

a) Airspeed Indicator, Altimeter, and Vertical Speed Indicator

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Which instruments of the Basic Six are powered by gyroscopes?
a) Attitude Indicator, Turn Coordinator, and Heading Indicator
b) Airspeed Indicator, Altimeter, and Vertical Speed Indicator
c) Altimeter, Airspeed Indicator, and Heading Indicator

a) Attitude Indicator, Turn Coordinator, and Heading Indicator

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What are the three basic ways of measuring pressure?
a) Absolute pressure, Gauge pressure, Differential pressure
b) Static pressure, Dynamic pressure, Total pressure
c) Barometric pressure, Air pressure, Vapor pressure

a) Absolute pressure, Gauge pressure, Differential pressure

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What does absolute pressure compare?
a) Atmospheric pressure against zero
b) Pressure inside a system against atmospheric pressure
c) Pressure difference between two points

a) Atmospheric pressure against zero

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What is gauge pressure?
a) The difference between atmospheric pressure and the pressure being measured
b) Atmospheric pressure compared to zero
c) Pressure difference between two points inside a system

a) The difference between atmospheric pressure and the pressure being measured

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What is differential pressure?
a) The comparison between two different pressures
b) Atmospheric pressure compared to zero
c) The difference between atmospheric pressure and measured pressure

a) The comparison between two different pressures

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Which of the following are examples of pressure sensing elements?
a) Bourdon tubes and aneroid capsules
b) Gyroscopes and accelerometers
c) Altimeters and airspeed indicators

a) Bourdon tubes and aneroid capsules

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Who was the pitot tube named after?
a) Henri Pitot
b) Louis Pasteur
c) Charles Lindbergh

a) Henri Pitot

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How is dynamic pressure determined?
a) By calculating the difference between total and static pressures from the pitot probe and static port
b) By directly measuring it with a special sensor
c) By measuring atmospheric pressure only

a) By calculating the difference between total and static pressures from the pitot probe and static port

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Which instruments use static pressure?
a) Airspeed Indicator, Altimeter, and Vertical Speed Indicator
b) Attitude Indicator, Heading Indicator, and Turn Coordinator
c) Airspeed Indicator, Attitude Indicator, and Compass

a) Airspeed Indicator, Altimeter, and Vertical Speed Indicator

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How does the airspeed indicator determine dynamic pressure?
a) By using total pressure from the pitot tube and subtracting static pressure
b) By measuring only static pressure
c) By measuring temperature differences

a) By using total pressure from the pitot tube and subtracting static pressure

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Why must static ports be covered during aircraft washing or repainting?
a) To increase airflow into the cabin
b) To prevent the holes from becoming blocked
c) To improve aerodynamics

b) To prevent the holes from becoming blocked

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What is the difference between the measured and real static pressure outside the aircraft called?
a) Static Source Error (SSE)
b) Dynamic Pressure Error
c) Altitude Deviation

a) Static Source Error (SSE)

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What does the Digital Air Data Computer (DADC) correct?
a) Static Source Error (SSE)
b) Dynamic pressure
c) Engine power settings

a) Static Source Error (SSE)

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How is pitot pressure measured?

a) By measuring temperature changes
b) Using a static port on the side of the aircraft
c) Using a pitot tube that points into the airstream

c) Using a pitot tube that points into the airstream

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What does QNH stand for?
a) Question Nil Height
b) Question Field Elevation
c) Question Nil Elevation

a) Question Nil Height

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What does QFE stand for?
a) Question Field Elevation
b) Question Nil Height
c) Question Nil Elevation

a) Question Field Elevation

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What does QNE stand for?
a) Question Field Elevation
b) Question Nil Elevation
c) Question Nil Height

b) Question Nil Elevation

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What does QNH represent? a) Atmospheric pressure at sea level, showing airfield height above sea level on the altimeter b) Atmospheric pressure at airfield level, showing zero on the altimeter c) Atmospheric pressure at flight level, showing aircraft height above the ground

a) Atmospheric pressure at sea level, showing airfield height above sea level on the altimeter

What does QFE represent? a) Atmospheric pressure at sea level, showing airfield height above sea level on the altimeter b) Atmospheric pressure at airfield level, showing zero on the altimeter during take-off or landing c) Atmospheric pressure at cruise altitude, showing flight path deviation

b) Atmospheric pressure at airfield level, showing zero on the altimeter during take-off or landing

What does QNE represent? a) The height indicated by the altimeter on landing when set to 1013.25 mbar (29.92 inHg) b) Atmospheric pressure at airfield level, showing zero on the altimeter c) Atmospheric pressure at cruise altitude, showing deviation from mean sea level

a) The height indicated by the altimeter on landing when set to 1013.25 mbar (29.92 inHg)

How is aircraft altitude typically measured? a) In feet (Imperial Standard), with Russia and China using meters b) In meters worldwide c) In kilometers globally

a) In feet (Imperial Standard), with Russia and China using meters

Which of the following are types of altimeters used in aircraft? a) Barometric altimeter, Radio altimeter, Global Navigation Satellite System (GNSS), and Laser altimeter, GPS b) Barometric altimeter, Magnetic compass, GNSS, and Radar system c) GPS, Compass, Gyroscope, and Radio altimeter

a) Barometric altimeter, Radio altimeter, Global Navigation Satellite System (GNSS), and Laser altimeter, GPS

Which altimeters are the most commonly used on aircraft? a) Barometric (Pressure) Altimeter and Radio Altimeter (Rad Alt) b) Laser Altimeter and GPS Altimeter c) Radio Altimeter and Magnetic Compass

a) Barometric (Pressure) Altimeter and Radio Altimeter (Rad Alt)

What does an encoding altimeter provide? a) The altitude (ALT) signal for the transponder b) The heading signal for navigation systems c) The airspeed signal for the autopilot

a) The altitude (ALT) signal for the transponder

What does an encoding altimeter contain and do? a) Contains an electronic pressure sensor that sends a digital code to the aircraft's ATC transponder b) Measures airspeed and sends data to the autopilot c) Displays altitude visually for the pilot only

a) Contains an electronic pressure sensor that sends a digital code to the aircraft's ATC transponder

Which altimeter is considered the most accurate? a) Servo Assisted Altimeter b) Radio Altimeter c) Barometric Altimeter

a) Servo Assisted Altimeter

In what units is the Vertical Speed Indicator (VSI) measured? a) Feet per minute b) Meters per second c) Knots

a) Feet per minute

What does IVSI stand for? a) Instantaneous Vertical Speed Indicator b) Integrated Velocity Speed Instrument c) Internal Vertical Signal Indicator

a) Instantaneous Vertical Speed Indicator

What is the purpose of the vertical acceleration pump (dashpot) in an altimeter system? a) It is fitted between the metering unit and capsule to smooth vertical speed readings b) It measures airspeed changes during ascent c) It controls the aircraft’s autopilot pitch

a) It is fitted between the metering unit and capsule to smooth vertical speed readings

What do red radial lines on the airspeed indicator represent? a) Maximum and minimum limits of airspeed b) Recommended cruising speeds c) Turbulence zones

a) Maximum and minimum limits of airspeed

What does the yellow arc on the airspeed indicator represent? a) Precautionary ranges b) Maximum safe speed c) Normal operating range

a) Precautionary ranges

What does the green arc on the airspeed indicator represent? a) Normal operating ranges b) Precautionary ranges c) Maximum limits

a) Normal operating ranges

What can cause incorrect airspeed readings on the Airspeed Indicator (ASI)? a) Blockage in the pitot tube or static line b) Faulty altimeter settings c) Low fuel levels

a) Blockage in the pitot tube or static line

What is Indicated Airspeed (IAS)? a) Airspeed read directly from the ASI, corrected for instrument error b) Airspeed corrected for altitude and temperature c) True airspeed adjusted for wind

a) Airspeed read directly from the ASI, corrected for instrument error

How does True Airspeed (TAS) compare to Indicated Airspeed (IAS)? a) TAS is higher than IAS b) TAS is always lower than IAS c) TAS and IAS are always the same

a) TAS is higher than IAS

What does ADC stand for? a) Air Data Computer b) Automatic Directional Control c) Altitude Data Controller

a) Air Data Computer

What is the purpose of standby instruments in an aircraft? a) To provide altitude and airspeed when main instruments are unavailable and are powered by a standby electrical source b) To control the autopilot system c) To monitor fuel consumption

a) To provide altitude and airspeed when main instruments are unavailable and are powered by a standby electrical source

Which of the following altimeter measures the distance of an aircraft above the ground rather than above sea level. A) Barometric altimeter B) Radio altimeter C) Pressure altimeter

B) Radio altimeter

Which of the following measure the difference in static pressure and restricted(choked) static pressure? A) ASI B) VSI C) Altimeter

B) VSI

Why do we install covers on pitot tubes and static ports? A) To keep them warm B) To protect them from ingress, water etc C) To indicate that Aircraft is still not ready for departure

B) To protect them from ingress, water etc

What type of instruments are used by Air data System? A) Temperature Sensing Instruments B) Pressure sensing instrument C) Speed sensing instruments

B) Pressure sensing instrument

Which of the following is a standby instrument? A) EHSI B) ADI C) Magnetic Compass

C) Magnetic Compass

In glass cockpit, VSI is displayed on? A) PFD B) ND C) ECAM

A) PFD

Which airspeed is required for accurate Air navigation? A) Indicated Air speed B) Uncorrected Airspeed C) True Air speed

C) True Air speed

Which pressure decreases as you go high in altitude. A) Static Pressure B) Dynamic Pressure

A) Static Pressure

speed Indicator, pitot pressure is given : A) Inside of the diaphrage B) Outside of the diaphragm C) Inside the casing

B) Outside of the diaphragm

What is a key characteristic of attitude direction? A) Riditdity B) Flexibility C) Elasticity

A) Riditdity

How many degrees of freedom does the attitude direction have? A) 2 B) 3 C) 4

A) 2

Which type of gyro is used in attitude direction? A) Vertical gyro B) Horizontal gyro C) Lateral gyro

A) Vertical gyro

What type of gyro is earth-tied? A) Earth tied gyro B) Space tied gyro C) Air tied gyro

A) Earth tied gyro

What type of gyro is an attitude director ? A) Displacement type B) Rotational type C) Vibrational type

A) Displacement type

What is a key characteristic of the Horizontal Situation Indicator? A) Rigidity B) Flexibility C) Elasticity

A) Rigidity

How many degrees of freedom does the Horizontal Situation Indicator have? A) 2 B) 3 C) 4

A) 2

Which type of gyro is used in the Horizontal Situation Indicator? A) Horizontal gyro B) Vertical gyro C) Lateral gyro

A) Horizontal gyro

What type of displacement is associated with the Horizontal Situation Indicator? A) Displacement type B) Rotational type C) Vibrational type

A) Displacement type

Which type of gyro is tied to the Horizontal Situation Indicator? A) Tied gyro B) Free gyro C) Loose gyro

A) Tied gyro

Which directional system does the Horizontal Situation Indicator use? A) Directional gyro B) Attitude gyro C) Earth gyro

A) Directional gyro

What is a key characteristic of the Turn and Slip Indicator? A) Precision B) Rigidity C) Elasticity

A) Precision

How many degrees of freedom does the Turn and Slip Indicator have? A) 1 B) 2 C) 3

A) 1

Which type of gyro is used in the Turn and Slip Indicator? A) Horizontal gyro B) Vertical gyro C) Directional gyro

A) Horizontal gyro

What type of gyro is used for the rate of turn indication? A) Rate gyro B) Directional gyro C) Vertical gyro

A) Rate gyro

What factors does the stability of a gyro depend on? A) Mass distribution, rotational speed, and distance to the center of mass B) Shape, size, and rotational speed C) Material, axis tilt, and distance to the center of mass

A) Mass distribution, rotational speed, and distance to the center of mass

What are the characteristics of a free (space) gyro? A) Two degrees of freedom in three perpendicular planes B) Three degrees of freedom in two planes C) One degree of freedom in one plane

A) Two degrees of freedom in three perpendicular planes

What is a characteristic of a tied gyro? A) Two degrees of freedom like a free gyro B) Three degrees of freedom like a directional gyro C) One degree of freedom like a rate gyro

A) Two degrees of freedom like a free gyro

What is a key characteristic of an Earth gyro? A) Two degrees of freedom with the spin axis constrained by Earth’s gravity B) Three degrees of freedom with the spin axis constrained by inertia C) One degree of freedom with the spin axis constrained by magnetic fields

A) Two degrees of freedom with the spin axis constrained by Earth’s gravity

What is a key characteristic of a rate gyro? A) One degree of freedom, measuring the rate of rotation in one plane B) Two degrees of freedom, measuring rotation in two planes C) Three degrees of freedom, measuring the rate of rotation in all planes

A) One degree of freedom, measuring the rate of rotation in one plane

What is rigidity in a gyroscope? A) The ability to maintain its axis in a fixed direction in space unless acted upon by an external force B) The ability to adjust its axis to follow external forces automatically C) The ability to measure rotational speed in one plane

A) The ability to maintain its axis in a fixed direction in space unless acted upon by an external force

What happens during gyro precession? A) The gyro axis shifts 90 degrees when a force tries to tilt it B) The gyro axis resists any movement without shifting C) The gyro axis shifts in the same direction as the applied force

A) The gyro axis shifts 90 degrees when a force tries to tilt it

What is any deviation from the fixed direction of a gyro known as? A) Gyro wander B) Gyro spin C) Gyro drift

A) Gyro wander

How can gyros be described based on the direction their spin axis moves? A) Drifting or toppling B) Spinning or sliding C) Tilting or rotating

A) Drifting or toppling

When does gyro drift occur? A) When the spin axis moves in a horizontal plane B) When the spin axis moves in a vertical plane C) When the spin axis stays fixed

A) When the spin axis moves in a horizontal plane

When does gyro topple occur? A) When the spin axis moves in a vertical plane B) When the spin axis moves in a horizontal plane C) When the spin axis stays fixed

A) When the spin axis moves in a vertical plane

What happens during apparent topple of a vertical gyro at the equator? A) It appears to become horizontal, then reverts to vertical as it travels around the Earth B) It remains fixed in a vertical position at all times C) It spins continuously without changing orientation

A) It appears to become horizontal, then reverts to vertical as it travels around the Earth

What is another name for a Directional Gyro (DG)? A) Heading indicator B) Attitude indicator C) Rate indicator

A) Heading indicator

Which gyro tells the pilot the aircraft’s orientation relative to the Earth's horizon? A) Attitude Indicator B) Directional Gyro C) Rate Gyro

A) Attitude Indicator

Rigidity and precession are directly proportional to each other. 0/5 True Rigidity and precession are directly proportional to each other. A) True B) False

A) True

Precession increases with? A) increase in RPMs of the gyro rotor B) decrease in RPMs of the gyro rotor

B) decrease in RPMs of the gyro rotor

Precession increases with? A) increase in applied force B) decrease in applied force C) increase with less drag

A) increase in applied force

When a force is applied to rotating gyro; A) it acts at the point of application of force B) it acts at 90 degree from the point of application of force in the direction of rotation C) it acts at 180 degree from the point of application of force in the direction of rotation

B) it acts at 90 degree from the point of application of force in the direction of rotation

What are examples of direct reading compasses? A) Standby compass and remote compass B) Directional gyro and rate gyro C) Vertical gyro and horizontal gyro

A) Standby compass and remote compass

What is a direction indicator? A) A non-stabilised magnetic compass B) A gyroscopic heading indicator C) An electronic navigation system

A) A non-stabilised magnetic compass

What is True North? A) A fixed point on Earth about the geographic North Pole B) The direction of the magnetic North Pole C) The direction shown by a compass needle

A) A fixed point on Earth about the geographic North Pole

What is Magnetic North? A) The direction of the magnetic North Pole B) A fixed point on Earth about the geographic North Pole C) The direction shown by a gyroscope

A) The direction of the magnetic North Pole

Why do aeronautical charts need to be corrected regularly? A) Because of changes in magnetic variation and other effects B) Because the Earth’s shape changes daily C) Because of weather fluctuations

A) Because of changes in magnetic variation and other effects

How often do commercial chart providers like Jeppesen update worldwide charts? A) Every 56 days B) Every 7 days C) Every 90 days

A) Every 56 days

What is magnetic inclination? A) The angle the geomagnetic field is tilted relative to the Earth's surface B) The angle between true north and magnetic north C) The angle of the sun above the horizon

A) The angle the geomagnetic field is tilted relative to the Earth's surface

What is the magnetic inclination at the magnetic poles? A) 90° (perpendicular to the surface) B) 45° C) 0° (parallel to the surface)

A) 90° (perpendicular to the surface) Then it’s 0 at the equator

What causes hard iron magnetism in aircraft? A) Permanent magnetism from iron or steel parts in the structure and equipment B) Temporary magnetic fields from electronic devices C) Magnetic storms in the atmosphere

A) Permanent magnetism from iron or steel parts in the structure and equipment

What causes soft iron magnetism in aircraft? A) Temporary magnetism from magnetically soft metallic parts B) Permanent magnetism from steel parts C) Magnetic fields from the Earth’s core

A) Temporary magnetism from magnetically soft metallic parts

What causes compass deviation in a direct reading compass? A) Magnetic fields inside the aircraft from electrical equipment B) Changes in the Earth’s magnetic field C) Wind and weather conditions

A) Magnetic fields inside the aircraft from electrical equipment

What problem does a Directional Gyro (DG) help eliminate? A) Errors caused by magnetic fields affecting the direct reading compass B) Errors caused by weather conditions C) Errors caused by pilot input

A) Errors caused by magnetic fields affecting the direct reading compass

How often must the DG direction be corrected due to drift? A) Frequently, because it can drift up to 15° per hour B) Never, it stays perfectly accurate C) Only once per flight

A) Frequently, because it can drift up to 15° per hour

Why was the remote compass system (slaved gyro system) invented? A) To eliminate the need for manual DG adjustment by the pilot B) To replace the magnetic compass entirely C) To measure altitude more accurately

A) To eliminate the need for manual DG adjustment by the pilot

Why are compass swings necessary? A) To verify the accuracy of the aircraft’s compass system B) To adjust the altitude readings C) To calibrate the gyro instruments

A) To verify the accuracy of the aircraft’s compass system

What does AoA (Angle of Attack) measure? A) The angle between the wing chord and the relative wind B) The angle of the aircraft’s nose to the horizon C) The angle of the tail relative to the fuselage

A) The angle between the wing chord and the relative wind

What happens during a uniform stall of the entire wing surface? A) The whole wing stalls at once B) Only the wing tips stall first C) Only the wing root stalls first

A) The whole wing stalls at once

What effect do stall strips have on a wing stall? A) They create a two-phase stall B) They prevent the wing from stalling C) They cause the wing to stall uniformly

A) They create a two-phase stall

What type of sensor is mentioned for measuring Angle of Attack (AoA)? A) Reed Switch AoA Sensor B) Gyroscopic Sensor C) Pressure Sensor

A) Reed Switch AoA Sensor

What warning does the AoA sensor provide to indicate an impending stall? A) An aural tone B) A flashing light C) A vibration in the control stick

A) An aural tone

What is the purpose of a stick shaker? A) To rapidly vibrate the control yoke and warn the pilot of an imminent stall B) To adjust the control surfaces automatically C) To measure the aircraft’s speed

A) To rapidly vibrate the control yoke and warn the pilot of an imminent stall

What are stick shakers and pushers used for? A) To warn and assist the pilot during an imminent stall B) To control autopilot functions C) To measure altitude changes

A) To warn and assist the pilot during an imminent stall

What does EFIS stand for? A) Electronic Flight Instrument Systems B) Enhanced Flight Information Service C) Electronic Flight Integration System

A) Electronic Flight Instrument Systems

What is the purpose of the eye reference indicator? A) To help pilots achieve the correct seating position by aligning colored balls B) To measure altitude changes during flight C) To warn pilots of an impending stall

A) To help pilots achieve the correct seating position by aligning colored balls

What does a red color indicate on a cockpit warning system? A) Warning B) Caution C) Advisory

A) Warning

What does an amber color indicate? A) Caution B) Status C) Warning

A) Caution

What does cyan indicate? A) Advisory B) Warning C) Status

A) Advisory

What does white indicate? A) Status B) Warning C) Advisory

A) Status

Standby compass has; A) power suppply from battery B) its own power supply C) no power supply except for the light

C) no power supply except for the light

Where is standby compass located? A) centre post between the front windshields B) right instrument panel

A) centre post between the front windshields

How is gyro related problems like drift are resolved in remote indicating compass, also called directional gyro? A) using flux valves B) manually correcting gyro errors

A) using flux valves

11.5A Instrument Sytems Flashcards

(117 cards)