Biology

Question 1

What is the function of the circulatory system?

Answer 1

To carry blood around the body/ carry oxygen and nutrients from food around the body

Question 2

What is the function of the urinary system?

Answer 2

Gets rid of waste materials produced

Question 3

What is the function of the digestive system?

Answer 3

Breaks down food and takes nutrients from it into the blood

Question 4

What is the function of the respiratory system?

Answer 4

Move fresh air into the body while removing waste gases

Question 5

What is the function of the locomotor system

Answer 5

Help body parts work together to create movement

Question 6

What is the word equation for aerobic and anaerobic respiration?

Answer 6

Aerobic: glucose + oxygen =carbon dioxide + water
Anaerobic: glucose = lactic acid

Question 7

How are plant leaves adapted to their function?

Answer 7

• Stomata which are small holes in the leaves which open and close by guard cells. They are shut at night and open when light
• Large surface area for trapping light
• Epidermis cells produce a waxy layer to prevent water loss

Question 8

What is selective breeding?

Answer 8

When organisms are deliberately bred so the offspring has desirable characteristics

Question 9

Why should we preserve biodiversity?

Answer 9

• Organisms depend on each other
• Protect habitats
• Areas with better biodiversity recover faster from disasters
• Preserves organisms with genetic variations

Question 10

What happens to the body during exercise?

Answer 10

• Releases less energy from each glucose molecule than aerobic respiration
• Makes muscles tired quickly
• Produces lactic acid which must be broken down

Question 11

What is the word equation for photosynthesis?

Answer 11

Carbon dioxide + water = glucose + oxygen

Question 12

How are sperm cells adapted to their function?

Answer 12

Sperm: Stream line head shape, Long spiral shaped mitochondrion can release lots of energy for the tail, tail to swim, the top of the head contains substances that attack the outside of the egg, head shape allows the sperm to burrow inside.

Question 13

How are the egg cells adapted to their function?

Answer 13

Egg- Jelly coat allows one sperm to enter, cytoplasm to store food

Question 14

How does natural selection lead to evolution?

Answer 14

If resources become scarce species better adapted to the environment will survive and then reproduce making them the new normal.

Question 15

How does stimulants and depressants effect human bodies?

Answer 15

Stimulants cause the nervous system to carry impulses faster and can decrease reaction time.

Depressants cause the nervous system to carry impulses slower.

Question 16

How do antagonistic muscles work together to move an arm?

Answer 16

For a bone in a joint to be moved in two different directions it needs to be pulled by two different muscles.

Question 17

How is a polar bear adapted to its habitat?

Answer 17

• Thick coat to protect against harsh conditions
• Claws and sharp teeth to rip apart flesh
• Rough soles to grip the ice
• White fur to camouflage in the surroundings

Question 18

How is a cacti adapted to live in it’s habitat?

Answer 18

• Stem to store water

- No leaves to prevent excess water loss

Question 19

How are organisms in an ecosystem dependent on one another?

Answer 19

Animals depend on plants for food. Food chains start with producers, the energy is then passed to the consumers. However, energy is lost by each consumer. So there are fewer organisms further along a food chain. This can be shown in a pyramid or food chains.

Question 20

How is the alveoli of the lungs adapted to its function

Answer 20

Thin walls - alveolar walls are one cell thick providing gases with a short diffusion distance. Moist walls - gases dissolve in the moisture helping them to pass across the gas exchange surface. Permeable walls - allow gases to pass through.

Question 21

How is the small intestine adapted to its function of absorbing digested nutrients quickly?

Answer 21

The small intestines are well adapted for absorbing nutrients during digestion by: being very long, having villi and microvilli that increase surface area, using muscular contractions to move and mix food, and receiving and housing digestive enzymes and bile that help the breakdown of food

Question 22

What causes inherited variation?

Answer 22

Caused by a change in the environment. The environment is selecting certain genetic variations in characteristics which are passes on to the next generation.

Question 23

What substances pass between the mother and baby during pregnancy

Answer 23

The placenta.Blood from the mother passes through the placenta, filtering oxygen, glucose and other nutrients to your baby via the umbilical cord. The placenta also filters out substances that could be harmful to your baby and removes carbon dioxide and waste products from your baby’s blood.