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NSG422 Community Health > Exam 1 > Flashcards

Exam 1 Flashcards

1
Q

which level of prevention is the main goal of public health?

A

primary

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2
Q

which level of prevention is this?

Health-promoting activities → reduce likelihood of disease occurring

A

primary

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3
Q

which level of prevention is this?

public health nurse developing an education program for teenage children to teach them about STI and methods to prevent STIs

A

primary

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4
Q

which level of prevention is this?

immunizations

A

primary

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5
Q

which level of prevention is this?

Early diagnosis + treatment of illness; detecting a problem

A

secondary

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6
Q

which level of prevention is this?

PH nurse develops program for toxin screenings for migrant farm workers who may be exposed to pesticides and refers patients with positive toxin levels for treatment

A

secondary

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7
Q

which level of prevention is this?

vision screenings

A

secondary

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8
Q

which level of prevention is this?

Follow-up treatment and care to prevent further disease progression

A

tertiary

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9
Q

which level of prevention is this?

Public health nurse provides diabetic clinic for defined population of adults in a low-income housing unit in the community (to make sure they don’t develop complications, such as wounds)

A

tertiary

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10
Q

community-based or community-oriented nursing:

client = community

A

community oriented

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11
Q

community-based or community-oriented nursing:

community assessment

A

community oriented

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12
Q

community-based or community-oriented nursing:

Prevent disease + protect health

A

community oriented

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13
Q

community-based or community-oriented nursing:

client = individual, family or group in the community

A

community based

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14
Q

community-based or community-oriented nursing:

illness care

A

community based

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15
Q

community-based or community-oriented nursing:

managing acute + chronic conditions

A

community based

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16
Q

community-based or community-oriented nursing:

focus: family centered-illness care

A

community based

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17
Q

community-based or community-oriented nursing:

focus: community healthcare/population health

A

community oriented

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18
Q

community-based or community-oriented nursing:

duty: investigation of environmental issues impacting health of community (community assessment); program planning

A

community oriented

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19
Q

community-based or community-oriented nursing:

duty: client education

A

community based

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20
Q

community-based or community-oriented nursing:

goal: prevent disease

A

community oriented

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21
Q

community-based or community-oriented nursing:

goal: manage acute + chronic conditions

A

community based

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22
Q

community-based or community-oriented nursing:

role: community advocate

A

community oriented

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23
Q

community-based or community-oriented nursing:

role: caregiver

A

community based

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24
Q

public health nurse is considered a specialty b/c why?

A

special focus on community + unique body of knowledge

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25
Q

lifespan has been increased by how many years due to PH?

A

20-30 years

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26
Q

name some PH changes that have occurred to increased the life expectancy?

A 
vaccines
clean water + air
ABX
sanitation
population prevention programs
education and knowledge
motor vehicle safety
workplace safety
family planning
recognizing tobacco use as health hazard
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27
Q

how can a PH nurse advocate?

A

speak to legislature to get laws passed for PH measures (educate on + enforce new laws)

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28
Q

what is non-maleficence? + what are some examples of this r/t community health nursing? (3)

A

no harm

ex:
1. staying up to date with knowledge + information
2. maintaining confidentiality
3. evaluating sex education in schools so that the teen pregnancy rate doesn’t increase

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29
Q

who was the founder of PH nursing?

A

Lilian Wald

30
Q

who founded the Henry St Settlement (healthcare even if low income + uninsured)?

A

Lilian Wald

31
Q

who advocated for the American Red Cross to include rural healthcare services?

A

Lilian Wald

32
Q

who created the Frontier nursing service (including midwifery)?

A

Mary Breckenridge

33
Q

who believed everyone should have access to healthcare; then traveling to rural areas → to bring healthcare to people

A

Mary Breckenridge

34
Q

who was all about cleanliness + infection prevention? along with environmental factors (sanitation, clean sheets, etc)?

A

Nightingale

35
Q

who is associated with EBP (biostats + research)?

A

Nightingale

36
Q

what are the 6 obligations of public health?

A
  1. prevent injuries
  2. prevent epidemics + spread of disease
  3. protect from environmental hazards
  4. promote healthy behaviors
  5. respond to disasters + help with recovery
  6. assure accessibility + quality of healthcare
37
Q

what are the 3 levels of practice?

A
  1. individual/family
  2. community
  3. system
38
Q

what level of practice is this?

teaching a mother and child how to wash hands properly

A

individual/family

39
Q

what level of practice is this?

community meeting about wearing seatbelts

A

community

40
Q

what level of practice is this?

health fair

A

community

41
Q

what level of practice is this?

sign hanging in building reminding to wash hands

A

community

42
Q

what level of practice is this?

laws requiring restaurant workers to wash hands

A

system

43
Q

which level of practice has the most powerful impact + long-lasting option?

A

system

44
Q

what is the purpose of healthy people?

A

serves as a guide to improve health of the public

45
Q

what is main difference between HP 2020 and HP 2030?

A

HP 2030 includes engaging leadership across the public to design POLICY

46
Q

what are leading health indicators? (LHI)

A

subsets of Healthy People: high priority health issues + how to address them

47
Q

what aspect of Healthy People guides PH nurses + their topics for public health fairs?

A

Leading Health Indicators (LHIs)

48
Q

this is the core science of public health

A

epidemiology

49
Q

what questions are asked with epidemiology? (5)

A 
Is there a problem? 
What is it? 
How big is it? 
Is it getting worse or better? 
What can be done?
50
Q

re: epidemiology, what does “distribution” mean?

A

the who, when, where

51
Q

re: epidemiology, what does “determinants” mean?

A

how + why

52
Q

What studies are utilized to understand health + disease of individual / family/ groups/ or populations? (2)

A
  1. observational studies

2. experimental/interventional

53
Q

what are the components of the epidemiology triangle?

A

agent, host, environment

54
Q

re: the “church potluck case study”, what are the components of the epidemiology triangle?

A

agent: bacteria/toxins in the turkey, gravy + stuffing
host: people at the picnic that ate the shitty food
environment: outdoor setting, kitchen + utensils used to prepare the food

55
Q

term:

disease rates

A

morbidity

56
Q

term:

death rates

A

mortality

57
Q

term:

suffering from specific condition @ any one time

A

prevalence

58
Q

term:

new cases in the population @ risk of specific period of time

A

incidence

59
Q

term:

frequency of something occuring

A

rate

60
Q

term:

probability an event will occur

A

risk

61
Q

what is the Web of Causality?

A

relationship between cause + effect

62
Q

what is this describing?

looking more in-depth; complex interrelationships of multiple factors that interact to increase or decrease risk of disease (ex: CV disease + factors that play a part in this such as lifestyle, obesity, genetics)

A

web of causality

63
Q

term:

expected trend; staying consistent; the persistent presence of disease or infectious agent

A

endemic

64
Q

term:

more than expected; rate exceeding normal or expected

A

epidemic

65
Q

term:

spread over several counties or continents

A

pandemic

66
Q

for something to be considered a pandemic, it must have 3 components:

A
  1. easily spread from human to human
  2. highly virulent
  3. lack of human immunity
67
Q

which of the epidemiology investigative methods comes first? then what?

A

descriptive → analytic

68
Q

re: epidemiology investigative methods, descriptive means what?

A

who, where, when (person, place, time)?

69
Q

re: epidemiology investigative methods, analytic means what?

A

how + why?

70
Q

re: epidemiology investigative methods, this is describing distribution of disease, death, and health outcomes

A

descriptive

71
Q

re: epidemiology investigative methods, this is more specific → seeks to answer specific questions

A

analytic

NSG422 Community Health (3 decks)

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