Child Maltreatment Flashcards
abuse
physical, sexual, emotional injury inflicted upon a child by an adult
neglect
failure to meet Childs needs environmentally, nutritionally, or medically
PAHT
deliberate direct blows to the head, is deliberately dropped, thrown, or is vigorously shaken
risk factors for child to be abused
poor parent/child bonding
hyperactivity or perceived defiance, temper tantrums
resemblance to abusive person from parents past
prolonged or chronic illness
colic
multiple births
developmental delays
warning signs of abuse
physical evidence of abuse or neglect, including previous injuries no history to explain injuries injury not consistent with story or developmental level delay in seeking medical care conflicting or changing stories parents blame the child or sibling seeking medical attention far from home reaction to injury is inappropriate
physical indicators of abuse
bruises, welts, lacerations, abrasions, broken bones
especially in various stages of healing, atypical sites
shadow bruising, clustered lesions, forming a regular pattern
sites of normal/accidental bruising
forehead
shins
knees
inside arms
sites of non-accidental brusing
more fatty or protected areas
rule of TEN
torso
ears
neck
if bruising in these areas under 4 it is predictive of abuse
what is the number one trigger of abuse in infants?
crying
most likely age to be abused, cannot defend themselves
Type of PAHT injuries
closed head injury open head injury death brain damage vision impairment spinal cord and CNS injury loss of speech and hearing memory issues learning disabilities Cerebral Palsy
signs and symptoms of PAHT
seizures or posturing unequal pupils high pitched cry vomiting change in LOC vision loss decrease in smiling and vocalizing bulging fontanel poor feeding bradycardia change in head control
non-accidental burns
line of demarcation
absence of splash marks
soles of feet, palms of hands, back or buttocks
burns are patterned (irons, heaters, greats, cigarettes)
nursing responsibilities of abuse
prevent
recognize
report
period of purple crying
teach that crying is normal (up to 5 hours) peak of crying unexpected resist soothing pain-like face long lasting evening the word period means there is a beginning and an end
