Endocrine: Definitions 11.1 and 11.2 Flashcards

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1
Q

Hormone:

A

Chemical messengers secreted by endocrine glands into the blood.

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2
Q

Target Cell:

A

The cell that has the specific receptors for a hormone.

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3
Q

Tropic hormone:

A

A hormone sent by a gland to another gland.

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4
Q

Secretion:

A

A chemical released by the cell, such as a hormone or digestive enzyme.

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5
Q

Exocrine gland:

A

A gland that secretes its chemicals into a duct (channel). Example: Sebaceous gland

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6
Q

Endocrine gland:

A

A gland that secretes its chemicals into the interstitium and then bloodstream.

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7
Q

Hypersecretion:

A

Above normal secretion.

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8
Q

Hyposecretion:

A

Below normal secretion.

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9
Q

Steroid hormones:

A

Lipid hormones made from cholesterol that can cross the lipid bilayer of the plasma membrane and go into the cell.

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10
Q

Protein (peptide) hormones:

A

Hormones made of amino acids, they cannot travel through the plasma membrane, so must bind to carbohydrate receptors on the outside of the cell.

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11
Q

Hormone receptor

A

Specific receptor that the hormone can attach to.

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12
Q

Synergistic hormone

A

Two or more hormones work together to produce a stronger response that either could do by itself. Example: testosterone and follicle stimulating hormone to produce sperm.

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13
Q

Antagonistic hormone

A

One hormone does the opposite action of another hormone. Example: glucagon and insulin

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14
Q

Negative feedback:

A

A hormone causes release of a substance that when that substance increases will inhibit the production of that same hormone. Most common feedback.

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15
Q

Positive feedback:

A

A hormone produces a response that continues to increase the hormone until something happens. Example – Oxytocin and contraction of uterine muscles during labor. Not a common feedback.

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