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Danb Week 1 > Week 3 > Flashcards

Week 3 Flashcards

1
Q

The most sensitive cells to ionizing radiation are:

A

Reproductive cells

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2
Q

Milliamperage controls

A

Heating of the cathode

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3
Q

Proper Collimation for the film size and target-film distance will:

A

Decrease the radiation received by the patient

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4
Q

To increase the penetrating quality on an x-ray beam, the auxiliary must:

A

Increase kVp

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5
Q

The x-ray at the center of the primary beam is called the:

A

Central ray

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6
Q

A test for quality control relative to manual processing may be accomplished utilizing a:

A

Stepwedge

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7
Q

Filtration of the x-ray beam protects the patient by:

A

Eliminating the weak wavelength x-ray from the x-ray beam

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8
Q

Information and instructions for proper disposal of the x-ray processing solutions may be found in the:

A

Product material safety data sheet

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9
Q

X-ray processing tanks are considered secondary containers and according to OSHA standards must be:

A

Labeled

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10
Q

The time period between the effects of cumulative radiation and visible tissue is the:

A

Latent period

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11
Q

The amount of radiation a person receives:

A

Is cumulative in the entire body

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12
Q

Maximum protection of the patient requires that the x-ray beam pass through a:

A

Shielded open-ended cone

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13
Q

A technique used to measure the operator’s exposure to radiation is

A

For the operator to wear a radiation film badge

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14
Q

Accumulated radiation dosage for those who work with radiation may not exceed

A

0-1 rem/week

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15
Q

To avoid exposure to secondary radiation, the operator should stand

A

At least 6’ feet from the x-ray head

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16
Q

The most effective way to reduce gonadal exposure from x-rays is to:

A

Use a lead apron

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17
Q

After each use, the lead apron must be:

A

Draped over a support rod unfolded

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18
Q

The best technique for reducing the radiation exposure to both patient and operator is the use of

A

Fast film

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19
Q

Film speed is determined by the:

A

Size of the silver bromide crystals

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20
Q

The radiographic film is covered on the radiograph with an emulsion of:

A

Silver bromide crystals

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21
Q

The periapical image reveals:

A

The entire tooth, including the apex

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22
Q

A material or substance that does NOT stop or absorb x-rays is know as:

A

Radiolucent

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23
Q

A material or substance that DOES stop or absorb x-rays is know as:

A

Radiopaque

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24
Q 
All of the tissues listed are radiopaque except:
A. Enamel
B. Cortical plate
C. Pulp chamber
D. Alveolar bone
A

C. Pulp chamber

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25
Q 
Which one of these appears radiolucent?
A. Caries
B. Calculus
C. Torus
D. Root tips
A

A. Caries

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26
Q

All of the following are basic principles of the paralleling technique except:
A. The receptor must be parallel to the long axis of the tooth
B. An 8” short cone must be used
C. The source of the x-ray must be directed perpendicularly to the tooth and film
D. A 16” extension or long cone must be used:

A

B. An 8” short cone must be used

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27
Q

When taking a full mouth series of intraoral radiographs, position the patient so the occlusal plane of the jaw is:

A

Parallel to the floor

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28
Q

The ALARA-Targum line is parallel to the floor when taking:

A

Maxillary periapical films

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29
Q

Firm placement of the films will help prevent:

A

Gagging

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30
Q

A latent image is:

A

Composed of energized silver halide crystals

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31
Q

Cone cutting results from the central ray:

A

Not being aimed at the center of the receptor

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32
Q

Black lines across the film may be a result of:

A

Excessive bending

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33
Q

Blured films can result from:

A

Movement of the patient

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34
Q

The usual number of films in a complete dentulous series:

A

18-20

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35
Q

In the paralleling technique, a devices used to the hold the film in the patient’s mouth is:

A

A film holder

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36
Q

If the mA is increased while the kVp and the exposure time are kept constant, the resulting image will be:

A

Darker

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37
Q

If a film is exposed on the wrong side, the result will be:

A

A herringbone pattern

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38
Q 
Which of the following is used to describe the blackness of an exposed radiograph?
A. Density
B. Detail
C. Darkness
D. Development
A

A. Density

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39
Q

The difference in density of various regions of the radiograph is called:

A

Contrast

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40
Q 
For maximum penetration of x-rays, which of the following combinations would you select?
A. 90 kVp and 10 mA
B. 65 kVp and 10 mA
C. 70 kVp and 90 mA
D. 10 kVp and 65 mA
A

A. 90 kVp and 10 mA

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41
Q

Films left overnight in the fixer:

A

Will not be affected

42
Q

During processing, when can radiographs be exposed to light?

A

After being placed in the fixer

43
Q

Two films are developed for the same length of time but at different temperatures. The film developed at the higher temperature will be:

A

Darker

44
Q

If an unexposed film is processed it will appear:

A

Clear

45
Q

Film is washed after moving it from the developing solution to:

A

Stop the developing process

46
Q

Fixing the film:

A

Removes the unexposed silver halide crystals from the emulsion

47
Q

Reticulation is:

A

Cracking of the emulsion

48
Q

An underexposed film will appear:

A

Light

49
Q

On a radiograph, what is the dense radiopaque band that outlines the mandible?

A

Inferior border

50
Q

When exposing a posterior periapical image on an adult patient with no intraoral restrictions, which sized receptor should be used?

A

2

51
Q

Which of the following prevents x-rays from escaping the tube head?

A

Leaded-glass housing

52
Q

When using a 16” PID compared to an 8” PID, the exposure time must:

A

Be increased

53
Q

Added filtration in the x-ray tubehead protects the:

A

Patient

54
Q

Which of the following landmarks is most useful when mounting films of the mandibular posterior area?

A

Mental foramen

55
Q

To view and abscess on tooth #25, the best radiographic exposure is a/an:

A

Periapical

56
Q

Which of the following radiolucent landmarks is useful when mounting films in the mandibular anterior area:

A

Lingual foramen

57
Q

Which of the following may cause film fogging?

A

Using expired film

58
Q

ALARA is primarily concerned with the radiation that is:

A

Artificial

59
Q

Which type of gloves are required for the decontamination of the darkroom?

A

Nitrile utility

60
Q

Which of the following measures the amount of radiation that reaches the surface of the skin?

A

Roentgen

61
Q 
Which of the following radiation injury theories describes cells that are damaged by way of absorption?
A. Direct
B. Indirect
C. Latent
D. Dose-responsive
A

B. Indirect

62
Q

Personal radiation monitoring devices are worn to:

A

Record the occupational exposure received by the operator

63
Q

Dental x-rays should be prescribed when the:

A

Benefits outweigh the risk of harm

64
Q 
Which of the following equations is used to determine the occupational maximum accumulated dose (MAD) of radiation?
A. Age minus 5 rems/year plus 18
B. Age minus 18 times 5 rems/year
C. Age plus 18 times 5 rems/year
D. Age plus 5 rems/year minus 18
A

B. Age minus 18 times 5 rems/year

65
Q

The purpose of the aluminum disk in the x-ray tubehead is to:

A

Filter out long wavelengths from the primary beam

66
Q

Which organization regulates disinfectants and chemical sterilants.

A

EPA

67
Q

Storing unexposed radiographic film in high humidity conditions may cause:

A

Film fog

68
Q 
When changing the 8” PID to a 16” PID, which of the following is used to determine the intensity of the beam?
A. Rule of isometric
B. Inverse square law
C. SLOB rule
D. Exposure chart
A

B. Inverse square law

69
Q

Personal monitoring for radiation exposure is done by:

A

Wearing a doseimeter

70
Q

On a radiograph, when the contact area of one tooth is superimposed over the contact of another, it is called:

A

Overlapping

71
Q

Which part of the x-ray machine should be covered or disinfected after each patient?

A

Tubehead

72
Q

The shorter the wavelength of electromagnetic radiation, the greater the:

A

Energy

73
Q

The best way to prevent car oss-contamination from an exposed film packet is by:

A

Using individual barrier envelpoes

74
Q 
Which of the following best describes what happens when two films contact each other during processing?
A. Overlapped films
B. Reticulation
C. Fogged films
D. Static electricity
A

A. Overlapped films

75
Q

Bitetabs placed in film for using during bitewing radiographs should be positioned on the:

A

White, unprinted side of the packet

76
Q 
All of the following can be used for handling film in the daylight loader except:
A. Plastic over gloves
B. Powder-free exam gloves
C. Utility gloves
D. Latex exam gloves
A

C. Utility gloves

77
Q

The normalizing device can be used to monitor:

A

Developer strength

78
Q

During the processing of a film, the removal of the halide portion of the exposed silver halide. Rust also is called:

A

Reduction

79
Q

After a patient has been dismissed, dental unit surfaces and countertops that may have been contaminated should be cleaned with EPA registered:

A

Intermediate-level disinfectant

80
Q

Using the ALARA concept as a guideline for radiographs includes oral of the following except:
A. Draping the patient with a thyroid collar
B. Draping the patient with a lead apron
C. Using a circular PID
D. Using a rectangular PID

A

c. Using a circular PID

81
Q

Which of the following conditions will result in a radiographic image that is too light?
A.processing solutions too warm
B. Darkroom door opened during development
C. Contaminated fixer solution
D. Weak developing solution

A

D. Weak developing solution

82
Q

Somatic effects of radiation do not have damaging effects on:

A

Offspring

83
Q

When transporting a disposable cup containing patients exposed film to the development area, the dental assistant should:

A

Carry the container with an ungloved hand

84
Q

Once the film has been removed from the protective packet, the dental assistant should:

A

Recycle lead foil in separate container

85
Q 
Which of the following influences the sharpness of an image?
A. Object-film alignment
B. X-ray beam angulation
C. Focal spot
D. kVp and mA
A

C. Focal spot

86
Q

Developing solution temperatures should be checked frequently when using:

A

Manual processing

87
Q

Blurred radiographic images are often caused by:

A

Patient movement during exposure

88
Q 
Which of the following film sizes would be used for an adult periapical film?
A. 3
B. 0
C. 2
D. 4
A

C. 2

89
Q

When removing a protective barrier after the exposure of the radiographs, if the dental assistant touches the surface beneath the barrier the dental assistant must:

A

Disinfect the surface with an intermediate-level disinfectant

90
Q

If a dental assistant dosimeter badge report indicates exposure to radiation, what should be done first?

A

Evaluate the x-ray equipment and techniques

91
Q

Which of the following results in a double image radiograph?
A. Exposing a duplicate film
B. Processing two exposed films together
C. Processing two unexposed films together
D. Exposing the same film twice

A

D. Exposing the same film twice

92
Q

According to the inverse square law, when changing the PID length from 8” to 16”, the beams intensity is:

A

1/4 as intense

93
Q

Maximum wattage for a safelight bulb should be:

A

15

94
Q 
Which of the following tissues is most highly radiosensitive?
A. Mature bone
B. Nerve
C. Skin
D. Salivary glands
A

C. Skin

95
Q 
Which of the following affects the quantity of x-rays being emitted from the tubehead?
A. kVp
B. Impulse
C. mA
D. Filtration
A

C. mA

96
Q

Paralleling technique requires the film to be placed:

A

Away from the tooth toward the middle of the oral cavity

97
Q 
Which of the following is a disposable intraoral x-ray film holder device?
A. Rinn XCP
B. Eezee grip
C. Endogamy
D. Stable
A

D. Stable

98
Q

The optimum developing solution temperature for manual processing is:

A

68 degrees Fahrenheit

99
Q

The optimal temperature of the developer in automatic processing is:

A

80-95 degrees Fahrenheit

100
Q

Which of the following sequences best describes radiation injury to tissue?
A. Latent period, period of recovery, period of injury
B. Period of recovery, period of injury, latent period
C. Period of injury, latent period, period of recovery
D. Latent period, period of injury, period of recovery

A

D. Latent period, period of injury, period of recovery

101
Q

While exposing x-ray films, radiation deflecting off the patient’s head is called:

A

Scatter radiation

Danb Week 1 (4 decks)

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