Rabies Flashcards

1
Q

T/F: Rabies is a fatal infection

A

Tru

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2
Q

Infections can be prevented by:

A
  • Immunization of animals
  • Pre exposure immunizations for people
  • Routine for vet & others at high risk of exposure (dept pf wildlife)
  • Post exposure rabies prophylaxis
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3
Q

Main animal reservoir for rabies?

A

Bats

Up to 70% of bats have rabies

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4
Q

Is picking up a dead animal an exposure?

A

Yes

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5
Q

How is rabies spread?

A

bites of infected animals

saliva scratch

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6
Q

How is rabies classified?

Where does it attack?

A

Rhabdovirus

Attacks the brain

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7
Q

Incubation period?

A

wks-months

10-14d avg

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8
Q

first initial sx

A

FLS

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9
Q

Sx progress to:

A

Confusion
Hydrophobia

Then Fever

Then coma

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10
Q

If sx develop in human, fatality is nearly __%?

A

100%

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11
Q

How to “treat” rabies? Not PEP

A

ART (only 30% successful)

Milwaukee Protocol

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12
Q

Have ART Rx been replicated successfully for rabies tx?

A

No

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13
Q

What is Milwaukee Protocol?

A

ART Tx for Rabies

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14
Q

For PANCE: How many doses of PrEP?

Name of Rx?

A

3 shot series

Imovax or Rabavert

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15
Q

For PANCE: When is Imovax/Rabavert given? which days?

A

Day 0, 7, 21 OR 28

PrEP

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16
Q

Who gets PrEP

A

Vet students
People at high risk (ie a bat rehabilitation specialist…)
Center for Wildlife
Animal control

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17
Q

For PANCE: When is Imovax/Rabavert given if exposure to rabies occurs?
if pt is already immunized

A

Need 2 shots

Day 0 and 3

18
Q

New Guidelines: When is Imovax/Rabavert given? which days? How many doses?

A

2 shots

Given on day 0 and 7

19
Q

Any change to PEP in New Guidelines?

A

No changes

20
Q

Why doesn’t the general public get immunized for rabies?

A

The risk is not very high for general public.

Too expensive to create new doses vs. risk of getting rabies.

21
Q

When to give PEP?

A

ASAP

22
Q

What is the PEP regiment?

A

HRIg (Human Rabies Immune Globulin)

& SERIES of rabies Vaccines

23
Q

What is HRIg?

A

“Ready to go AB”

24
Q

What does the vaccine do?

A

Induces AB PRODUCTION

25
Q

How londg does AB induction take?

A

WEEKS

26
Q

What is the dose for HRIg?

A

20 units/kg

27
Q

How much HRIg per vial?

A

150units/mL

or 300units/mL

28
Q

HRIg Dose for 180lb person

A

180lbs/2.2 kg /lb=81.8 kg
ok to round to 82kg

82 kg x 20 units/kg=1640 units divided by 150 units/ml=10.9 mls
okay to round to 11 mls

29
Q

T/F: HRIg is more effective if injected at bite site

A

True

Otherwise, give IM

30
Q

What day to give HRIg

A

Day 0

31
Q

T/F: Monkeys carry rabies

A

True

32
Q

T/F:Rabies vaccine is poorly tolerated

A

FALSE

rabies vaccine is well tolerated

33
Q

What days do you give Rabies Vaccine PEP?

A

Day 0, 3, 7 AND 14.

34
Q

How much is HRIg?

A

10-20k!!!!

35
Q

Is HRIg rare?

A

yes

36
Q

Does a squirrel or rabbit bite constitute PEP?

A

No. they do not carry rabies

37
Q

Does handling a dead animal constitute PEP?

A

Yes

38
Q

If you see a nocturnal animal out in the middle of the day- what do you think?

A

RABIES

39
Q

Good disinfectant?

A

10% bleach

40
Q

What is a silent bat bite?

A

Bats can be in the house and bite you while you are sleeping when you don’t even know it.

41
Q

If someone has already had PrEP, what is the PEP protocol?

A

2 doses of Rabies Vaccine (day 0 & 3)

No HBIg