Nucleic Acids- Inorganic Ions Flashcards
What is an ion?
An atom or group of atoms that has an electric charge
What is a cation?
An ion with a positive charge
What is an anion?
An ion with a negative charge
What is an inorganic ion?
An ion that doesn’t contain carbon (a few exceptions)
Where are inorganic ions found?
In solutions, in the cytoplasm of cells, in body fluids of organisms
What does it mean that each ion has a specific role?
It’s role depends on its properties and its role determines whether it is found in high or low concentrations
What is haemoglobin?
A large protein that carries oxygen around the body in red blood cells
How is haemoglobin made up?
Four different polypeptide chains that each has an iron ion (Fe2+) in the centre
What is the role of Fe2+?
Binds to the oxygen in haemoglobin
What happens once oxygen has bound?
The Fe2+ ion temporarily becomes an Fe3+ ion until oxygen is released
What is the role of hydrogen ions (H+)?
pH is calculated based on the concentration of H+ ions in the environment
What happens when there are more H+ ions present?
The pH is lower and more acidic
Why is pH important?
Enzyme-controlled reactions are affected by pH
What is the role of sodium ions (Na+) in co-transport?
A molecule of glucose or amino acid can be transported into a cell alongside Na+ ions
What happens when a phosphate ion (PO43-) is attached to another molecule?
It is known as a phosphate group
