Special Situations Flashcards

1
Q

What is the most common electrolyte abnormality in brain dead organ donors?

A

hypernatremia

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2
Q

What induction agent is helpful in patients with previously failed ECT due to short seizure duration?

A

etomidate increases seizure duration

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3
Q

What is the cardiovascular response to ECT?

A

Early parasympathetic response lasting ~10 seconds

Late and prolonged sympathetic response

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4
Q

Why is methohexital ideal for ECT?

A

Short duration

Does not raise seizure threshold

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5
Q

When do lidocaine levels peak after tumescent solution is used for liposuction?

A

6 hours after administration

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6
Q

What is the maximum dose of lidocaine in tumescent anesthesia?

A

35-55 mg/kg

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7
Q

How does obesity lead to eccentric LVH?

A

LVEDV increases to increase SV and, thus, CO to perfuse a larger body

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8
Q

What happens to the volume of distrubution for lipophilic and hydrophilic drugs in obese patients?

A

both increase, but a larger increase is seen for lipophilic drugs (e.g., midazolam, fentanyl, barbiturates)

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9
Q

How should propofol infusions be dosed in obese patients?

A

induction dose based on ideal body weight

infusion dose based on total body weight

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10
Q

Why do elderly patients tend to have lower HR?

A

decreased adrenergic receptor sensitivity

increased vagal tone

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11
Q

Why do elderly patients develop diastolic dysfuntion?

A

increased SVR due to arterial stiffness leads to LVH and a less compliant LV

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12
Q

What happens to the normal value of PaO2 in elderly patients?

A

PaO2 = 110 - (age x 0.4)

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13
Q

How is the duration of epidural anesthsia affected in the elderly? Spinal anesthesia?

A

epidural anesthesia is higher and denser but has a similar duration

spinal anesthesia lasts longer

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14
Q

What are the components of the Aldrete recovery score in PACU?

A

oxygen saturation

respirations

circulation

consciousness

activity

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