Lectures 20 Flashcards
The ____ surface of the heart is connected with the central tendon of diaphragm
diaphragmatic
List layers of pericardium
(1) Fibrous pericadium
(2) Serous pericardium
- Visceral layer - epicardium
- Parietal layer
Identify the layer
Epicardium (Visceral layer of serous pericardium)
What are the 4 surfaces of the heart
(1) Sternocostal
(2) Diaphragmatic
(3) Base (posterior surface of heart)
(4) Right and left pulmonary surface
What is conus arteriosus (infundibulum)?
final chamber of the heart that contains valves to prevent blood from flowing back into the ventricle
What are these? Where can you find them?
opening of pulmonary veins
- Found inside the left atrium.
What is fibrous skeleton? (anulus fibrosus)
It is composed of 4 rings
-> from these originate the muscles of atria and ventricles
What are 3 parts of the valve?
- Papillary Muscle
- Tendinous Cords
- Cusp
Position of tricuspid valve
In the right atrioventricular orifice
Position of mitral valve
In the left atrioventricular orifice
List semilunar valves
Aortic and pulmonary valves
Identify the structure
Aortic valve
Identify the structure
Opening of left coronary artery
Identify the structure
Nodule of semilunar cusp
Identify the structure
Pulmonary valve
Identify the structure 1, 2, 3.
Which valve do they belong to?
1 - Anterior cusp
2 - Left cusp
3 - Right cusp
Identify the structure 1, 2, 3.
Which valve do they belong to?
1 - Left (coronary cusp)
2 - Right (coronary cusp)
3 - Posterior (non coronary) cusp
Identify the structure 1, 2, 3.
Which valve do they belong to?
1 - Anterior cusp
2 - Septal cusp
3 - Posterior cusp
=> right atrioventricular valve (tricuspid valve)
Identify the structure 1, 2
Which valve do they belong to?
1 - Anterior cusp
2 - Posterior cusp
=> left atrioventricular valve (bicuspid)
Identify the structure
Aortic sinuses (of Valsalva)
Describe lymphatic drainage of the heart
Subendocardial lymphatic network \+ Myocardial lymphatic network \+ Supepicardial lymphatic network\ -> Right and left main lymphatic vessels (along the coronary arteries) -> Mediastinal lymph nodes
Innervation of the heart
by the superficial and deep cardiac plexuses
Conducting system of the heart (describe steps and structures)
sinu-atrial node (SA node) (1)
- > internodal bundles
- > Atrioventricular node (AV node) (2)
- > Bundle of his (3)
- > Tawara bundles (4)
- > Purkinje fibres (5)
- > cardiac muscle cells
Location of SA node (Keith-Flack)
Between superior vena cava and crista terminalis
Location of AV node (Aschoff - Tawara)
At the right fibrous trigone
Next to the opening of coronary sinus
4 auscultation points
Aortic valve: - Right 2nd intercostal space Pulmonary valve: - Left 2nd intercostal space Right AV valve (Tricuspid): - Left 4th intercostal space (Lower left sternal border: LLSB) Left AV valve (Mitral): - Left 5th intercostal space (Apex)
