POWER AND AUTHORITY: Rise of Dictators

Question 1

How did the ToV enable dictators to rise in Italy?

Answer 1

Didn’t receive land in Tyrol and Trentino in the secret Conference of London.

Question 2

How did the ToV enable dictators to rise in Japan?

Answer 2

The Washington Naval Conference saw their ratio restricted - 5:5:3 (Britian-US-Japan).

Question 3

How did the Depression enable dictators to rise in Japan?

Answer 3

Their silk trade and exports fell by 50% by 1931 which led to 1/2 of the factories closing.

Question 4

Features of dictatorships in Russia: ideology.

Answer 4

Wanted to ensure the survival of a communist state in the modern world.

Question 5

Features of dictatorships in Russia: consolidation of power.

Answer 5

1. The Tsar was replaced with a provisional government led by Lenin.
2. Civil war resulted in 10 million deaths, famine and disease.
3. Stalin began the Great Purge to eliminate all political rivals.

Question 6

Features of dictatorships in Russia: maintaining power.

Answer 6

1. Propaganda including ‘USSR in Construction’ celebrated their achievements.
2. Secret police - Cheka.
3. Russia was more reliant on terror - Stalin oversaw 1.5 million arrests compared to 5000 in Italy.

Question 7

Features of dictatorships in Russia: impact on society.

Answer 7

1. All houses and buildings had images of Stalin.
2. Russia more progressive than Italy in terms of women. They created policies for paid maternity leave and free childcare.

Question 8

Features of dictatorships in Italy: ideology.

Answer 8

Fascism based on extreme nationalism and the military to control people.

Question 9

Features of dictatorships in Italy: consolidation of power.

Answer 9

No full-scale civil war like Russia - Mussolini handed power by the King.
1. Purged 60 000 radical fascists.

Question 10

Features of dictatorships in Italy: maintaining power.

Answer 10

1. Propaganda - Radio Bari which spoke on the benefits of fascism to other countries.
2. Secret Police - OVRA.

Question 11

Features of dictatorships in Italy: impact on society.

Answer 11

1. Laws to prohibit women earning more than 50% of a mans wages.
2. Rocco laws made contraception illegal.

Question 12

Features of dictatorships in Japan: ideology.

Answer 12

Emperor Hirohito was seen as a god, thus people supported the rise of militarists led by Tojo who ruled in the name of the emperor.

Question 12

Features of dictatorships in Japan: consolidation of power.

Answer 12

By the late ‘30s, Japanese militarists had almost full control of government decision-making.

Question 13

Features of dictatorships in Japan: maintaining power.

Answer 13

1. Secret police - Tokko.