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EKG Review > Heart Rhythms > Flashcards

Heart Rhythms Flashcards

1
Q

How many sinus rhythms are there?

A

There are four sinus rhythms…

  • Normal Sinus Rhythm
  • Sinus Tachycardia
  • Sinus Bradycardia
  • Sinus Arrhythmia
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2
Q

NORMAL SINUS RHYTHM:

A
  • Rate of 60-100 bmp
  • P wave before every QRS complex
  • PR waves are 0.12-0.20 sec
  • QRS waves are 0.06-0.10 sec
  • Between two P and two R waves
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3
Q

SINUS BRADYCARDIA:

A

Originates in the sinoatrial node

  • Rate less than 60 bmp
  • Similar to normal but more spaced out
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4
Q

SINUS DYSRHYTHMIA:

A

Irregular rhythm caused by pressure on the heart prevents the respiratory cycle and vagal tone variations from working

  • Rate of 60-100 BMP
  • Changing from tachycardia to bradycardia
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5
Q

SINUS ARREST:

A

When the sinoatrial node creates a stop to the heart’s electrical activity & there are no contractions for the atria and ventricles

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6
Q

ATRIAL DYSRHYTHMIAS:

A

Ectopic beats on the left/right atrium that are generated from an area that doesn’t have automaticity

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7
Q

Forms of dysrhythmias:

A
  • Premature atrial complex/contractions (PAC)
  • Atrial Tachycardia
  • Atrial Flutter (A flutter)
  • Atrial Fibrillation (A fib)
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8
Q

WANDERING ATRAIL PACEMAKER:

A

When electrical impulse for the atria is generated at different sites

  • Rhythm is irregular
  • P waves change
  • QRS are normal at 60-100 BMP
  • Rate is normal 60-100 BMP
  • PR waves vary
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9
Q

ATRIAL FLUTTER:

A

When rapid impulses start at the atrial

  • Sawtooth resemblance
  • Seen on leads 2/3/AVF
  • Requires oxygen treatment
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10
Q

ATRIAL FIBRILLATION:

A

When electrical impulses come from reentry pathways or multiple ectopic foci’s. An irregular rapid heart rhythm that can lead to blood clots in the heart

  • May cause embolism
  • Atrial with a rate of 375-700 BPM
  • Ventricular with a rate of 160-180 BMP
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11
Q

JUNCTIONAL RHYTHM:

A

Originates in AV node and produces retrograde depolarization. Shows up as INVERTED P-WAVE

  • Leads to hypotension
  • Causes confusion and disorientation
  • Rate 40-60 BPM
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12
Q

CELLS in AV MODE:

A

Has automaticity and functions as a backup pacemaker if SA node is damaged

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13
Q

ISOLATED PREMATURE JUNCTIONAL COMPLEX:

A

An abnormality seen in the presence of an underlying sinus rhythm

  • May cause low blood pressure and low cardiac output
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14
Q

TACHYCARDIA (RAPID HEARTBEAT):

A

Originates in the atria or AV node above the ventricles

  • Ventricular rate is 150-350 BPM
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15
Q

HEART BLOCKS:

A

When the electrical activity has difficulty traveling along conduction pathways

  • Ventricular depolarization is delayed or absent
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16
Q

How many heart blocks are there?

A

There are 4 heart blocks…

  • 1st degree Heart Block
  • 2nd degree AV Heart Block Mobitz I / Wenckebach
  • 2nd degree AV Heart Block Mobitz II
  • 3rd degree Heart Block
17
Q

1ST DEGREE HEART BLOCK:

A

RHYTHM REGULARITY is constant between P-P and R-R wave

  • Normal cardiac output and non severe
18
Q

2ND DEGREE HEART BLOCK MOBITZ I / WENCKEBACH:

A

Electrical signals between your atria and ventricles fail to conduct

  • P wave is normal
  • PR interval will become longer until the cycle is restarted
  • Low cardiac output once rate reaches 40 BPM
19
Q

2ND DEGREE HEART RATE MOBITZ II:

A

Failure in the conduction system below the level of the bundle of His

20
Q

3RD DEGREE HEART BLOCK:

A

Loss of communication between the atria and the ventricles, all impulses are blocked

  • P-waves will outnumber QRS complex due to trail depolarization occurring faster than ventricular depolarization
  • Low cardia output will require CODE BLUE/ CPR
21
Q

BUNDLE BRANCHES BLOCKS:

A

When one or both ventricular pathways are damaged

  • Widening of QRS Complex
  • RIGHT SIDE BUNDLE BRANCH = Electricity of heart is stopped after bundle of his, left ventricle then right ventricle
  • LEFT SIDE BUNDLE BRANCH = Electricity of heart is stopped on left side, travel right ventricle then left

EKG Review (11 decks)

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