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Joan Test 1 > Pharm > Flashcards

Pharm Flashcards

1
Q

What is amphotericin B deosycholate (Fungione) used for

High Alert Medication

A

antifungal: tx for progressive fatal fungal infection

can still be detected in the system for 7 weeks

COULD CAUSE ACUTE RENAL FAILURE

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2
Q

What is Vancomycin (Vancocin) used for HIGH Alert

A

Anti-fungal: used for potentially life-threating infections (Staphlococcal)

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3
Q

Vancomycin could cause?

A

Ototoxicity, nephrotoxicity, rashes, phlebitis, Hypotension

REDMAN SYNDROME: Hypersensitivity: Slow drug down, notify MD

could cause super infection

Many drug interactions

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4
Q

S/E of Vancomycin

A

CP, Hypotention, edema, nephrotoxicity hematuria, all electrolytes and could increase liver enzymes

Peaks and troughs are utilized

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5
Q

what drug is used to treat rigors?

A

Meperidine and Dantrolene

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6
Q

Vancomycin is contraindicated in pt. with

A

Renal or hearing impairment

Electrolyte imbalances

ALWAYS GIVE A TEST DOSE

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7
Q

Nursing for Vancomycin

A 
Watch for Rash, fever chills
Peaks and Troughs
Watch I&O's 
monitor electrolytes
Check Hearing ( ringing or loss)
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8
Q

What is Tobramycin (Nebcin) and Gentamicin (Garamycin) used for?

High Alert

A

Treat serious gram-bacterial infections

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9
Q

S/E for Tobramycin (Nebcin) and Gentamicin (Garamycin)

A

Ataxia, vertigo, ototoxicity, Nephrotoxicity

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10
Q

Nursing for Tobramycin (Nebcin)/ and Gentamicin (Garamycin)

A

peak and Trough (90% excreted in kidney

monitor renal function closely: I&O
Stay hydrated 
Check Hearing for loss or ringing
Monitor for superinfection k
Check drug compatibility
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11
Q

Use Tobramycin (Nebcin) and Centamicin (Garmycin) cautiously in pts. with

A

Kidney impairment

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12
Q

Drug used for UTI and otis media

A

Sulfamethoxazole (Bactrim)

Trimethoprim (Septra)

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13
Q

nursing for Sulfamethoxazole/trimethoprim (Bactrim and Septra) z

A

Allergy to sulfonamides

teach about photosensitivity

Some pts will have GI issues

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14
Q

Cephalosportin (cefazolin/cefoxitin) is used for

A

gram + infections

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15
Q

nursing for cephalosporin (cefazolin/cefoxitin)

A 
similar to penicillin ***so if pt had a type 1 hypersensitivity DO NOT GIVE THIS MED 
Rash 
super infection 
N/V/D
When given IV watch for infiltration
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16
Q

What are Quinolones (Fluoroquinolones) used for?

eg: Cipro, Levoquin

A

gram - and + infections

Very potent bactericidal

17
Q

nursing for Quinolones (Fluoroquinolones)

eg, cipro, levaquin

A 
excreted in kidney's 
***INCREASED RISK OF TENDON RUPTURE***
do not use in children because of cartilage development could be damaged
drug interactions
BUN/ Creatine
18
Q

S/E for Quinolones (Fluoroquinolones) eg cipro, levaquin

A

Prolongation of the QT interval on the EKG(longer than .43)

High risk for tendinitis and tendon rupture

could cause renal failure

19
Q

Nirtofurantoin (Macrodantin/macrobid/furadantin)

A

Primarily used for UTI alone
Contraindicated in drug allergy
can cause significant renal function impairment so needs to be
monitored
S/E= GI discomfort, Dizziness, HA, rash, blood dyscrasias, and
possibly irreversible peripheral neuropathy

turns urine brown

*

20
Q

Phenazopyridine (Pyridium)

A
  • non opioid analgesics
  • *urinary track analgesics. Provides relief from pain, itching, burning urgency and frequency of UTI
  • Well absorbed
  • Rapid excreted in the urine
  • Contraindicated in glomerulonephritis, hepatitis, uremia or renal failure
  • S/E = bright orange urine, rash, hemolytic anemia(breakdown of RBC=jaundice), methemoglobinemia
  • Renal function needs to be monitored
  • Do not crush, chew or break the tablet

icterus=jaundice

21
Q

Urecholine (bethanechol)

A

Urinary tract stimulant (Cholinergics)
used to treat nonobstructable urinary retention
S/E= contractions of the bladder, decreased bladder capacity, increase in frequency of ureteral peristaltic waves, tone and peristalsis in the GI tract

  • Use with caution in pts with asthma, ulcer history, CVD, Epilepsy
  • Adverse reastion: Heart Block, syncope/Cardiac arrest

Drug interactions so check first

22
Q

names of Immunosuppressants

A 
alefacept
azathioprine
basiliximab
belatacept
belimumab
chlorambucil
cyclophosphamide
cyclosporine
daclizumab
everolimus
mithotrexate
23
Q

What are immunosuppressants used for

A

*some are used on conjunction with corticosteroids in the prevention of transplantation rejection reactions

some are used to manage rejection reactions not controlled by other agents

some are used in the management of selected autoimmune diseases (nephrotic syndrome of childhood and severe rheumatoid arthritis)

general action is that they inhibit cell-mediated immune responses by different mechanisms

used to suppress the immune responses in certain disease states

Used as a recombinant immunoglobulin antibody that alters t-cell function

and can also be used as monoclonal antibodies

24
Q

what to monitor with immunosuppressants

A

interactions with many drugs so much check always

monitor for infections (VS, sputum, urine, stool, WBC)

Monitor signs for organ rejection

CBC and differential must be monitored throughout

Protect transplant pts against infections

25
Q

Potassium sparing diuretics

Aldactone (Spironalactone)
Amiloride (Midamor)

A

management of primary hyperaldosteronism. Edema with HF, cirrhosis and nephrotic syndrome, essential HTN, Tx of hypokalemia

26
Q

monitoring for potassium sparing diuretics

A

contraindicated in anuria, ARF, renal impairment and hyperkalemia

monitor liver enzymes

S/E = arrhythmias, hyperkalemia, Hyponatremia, , metabolic acidosis

Steven johnson syndrome

drug interactions must check

27
Q

Glucophage (Metformin)

A

used as an antidiabetic

management of type 2 diabetes mellitus, may be used with diet, insulin or sulfonylurea oral hypoglycemics

They decrease hepatic glucose production, and intestinal glucose absorption. They increase sensitivity to insulin

28
Q

Monitoring for Glucophage (Metformin)

A

Contraindicated in metabolic acidosis, dehydrations, sepsis, hypoxemia hepatic impairment, renal dysfunction and Radiographic studies requiring IV iodinated contrast media. HF

S/E = abdominal discomfort, lactic acidosis

Contraindicated with many drugs check first

29
Q

Acetylcysteine (Mucomyst)

A

Antidote for acetaminophen toxicity and a mycolytic

used for prevention of radiocontrast-induced renal dysfunction (oral)

Lowers the viscosity of mucus

30
Q

monitoring for acetylcysteine (Mucomyst)

A

Contraindicted in severe Respiratory insufficiency, asthma or history of bronchospam

S/E= allergic reaction primarily with IV injection including anaphylaxis and angioedema, chills and fever

For Radiologic procedure , Metformin is stopped 48 hours prior and mucomyst is given twice daily for 2 days before the procedure.

Joan Test 1 (5 decks)

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