2. Development of the EU

Question 1

When was the Single European Act?

Answer 1

1986/7

Question 2

What did the Single European Act do?

Answer 2

5 year timeline for:

• Removal of trade barriers and then saw the creation of a monetary union after seeing barriers to trade such as uneven development, lack of common currency, lack of freedom of movement
• Codified political cooperation between domestic and foreign relations

Question 3

When was the Maastricht Treaty signed?

Answer 3

1991

Question 4

What did the Maastricht Treaty accomplish?

Answer 4

1. Delor’s three-stage plan for a monetary union
2. EU responsibility for new policy areas like consumer protection, public health policy, transport, education and social policy
3. Greater cooperation on immigration, asylum and policing
4. New rights for EU citizens and ambiguous EU citizenship
5. New powers for the EU Parliament including codecision procedure

Question 5

What are the 3 pillars of the Maastricht

Answer 5

1. The European Communities
2. The common foreign and security policy (CFSP)
3. Cooperation in the field of justice and home affairs

Question 6

When was the Laeken Declaration?

Answer 6

2001

Question 7

What did the Laeken Declaration call for?

Answer 7

EU should address the democratic deficit (lack of transparency, Parl. being the only democratic body etc.), structural development of the EU to fit enlargement and tidy up the enlargement process

Question 8

Why did the Laeken Declaration (and by extension the Treaty of Nice) fail?

Answer 8

France and the Netherlands failed to ratify the treaty

Question 9

When was the Treaty of Lisbon signed?

Answer 9

2007

Question 10

What were the main goals of the Treaty of Lisbon?

Answer 10

Greater efficiency, democracy and the ability for the EU to engage internationally

Question 11

How did the Lisbon Treaty work to expand democratic rights in the EU?

Answer 11

Created a new president for the European Council to steer the discussion of the member states
Equal powers for the European Parliament and the Council of the EU for almost all EU legislation
Recognition of the rights laid out in the Charter of Fundamental Rights
Expanded the use of qualified majority voting
Right to withdraw

Question 11

How did the Treaty of Lisbon work on efficiency within the EU?

Answer 11

More powers for the EU in policy areas
Created a new president for the European Council to steer the discussion of the member states
Laid out the right to enter the EU in Article 49 and the process by which states can leave in Article 50

Question 12

How did the Treaty of Lisbon work to build the international status of the EU

Answer 12

More powers for the EU in policy areas
Created a single personality for the EU to strengthen its international negotiation power
Created a new High Representative of the Union of Foreign Affairs and Security Policy