ap gov ch 3

Question 1

what is federalism

Answer 1

divided authority between several levels of government (federal and state governments) decentralizes politics and policies

Question 2

why would a country want a federal system of government?

Answer 2

large countries tend to have a federal system, diversity also plays a role

Question 3

why wouldn’t a country want a federal system of government?

Answer 3

do not wish to disperse power away from the central gov

Question 4

what are 3 items are the supreme law of the land?

Answer 4

the constitution, laws of the national gov (as long as they are consistent with the constitution), treaties (can only be made by the national gov)

Question 5

how did federalism affect the struggle for racial equality?

Answer 5

led to conflicts regarding racial inequalities between state and national powers

Question 6

10th amendment and federalism

Answer 6

different interpretations, either states are guaranteed power or Congress cannot go beyond what the Constitution says

Question 7

11th amendment and federalism

Answer 7

gives states immunity from certain levels of persecution

Question 8

enumerated powers

Answer 8

powers specifically listed in the Constitution

Question 9

implied powers

Answer 9

powers that go beyond what is said in the Constitution

Question 10

elastic clause

Answer 10

authorizes Congress to pass all laws “Necessary and Proper” to carry out the enumerated powers

Question 11

commerce clause

Answer 11

promote economic development and regulate the economy

Question 12

what are the states’ obligations to each other

Answer 12

full faith and credit / extradition

Question 13

full faith and credit

Answer 13

requires each state to recognize the public acts, records, and judicial proceeding of all other states

Question 14

extradition

Answer 14

state surrenders a person charged with a crime to the state in which the alleged crime was committed

Question 15

types of federalism

Answer 15

dual and cooperative

Question 16

dual federalism

Answer 16

(layer cake) distinct spheres of authority (beginning of the U.S)

Question 17

cooperative federalism

Answer 17

marble-cake intermixed powers (what we have today)

Question 18

devolution

Answer 18

transferring responsibility for policies from the federal gov to state and local govs

Question 19

who is for devolution

Answer 19

republicans

Question 20

who is against devolution

Answer 20

democrats

Question 21

fiscal federalism

Answer 21

pattern of spending, taxing, and providing grants for influence

Question 22

categorical grants

Answer 22

federal grants that can be used for specific purposes

Question 23

project grants

Answer 23

awarded on the basis of competitive applications

Question 24

formula grants

Answer 24

distributed according to a formula specified in legislation or in administrative regulations

Question 25

block grants

Answer 25

given automatically to states or communities to support, freedom to figure out problems

Question 26

what kind of grants are democrats for

Answer 26

categorical, project, formula

Question 27

what kind of grants are republicans for

Answer 27

block

Question 28

unfunded mandate

Answer 28

fed gov demands that states carry out certain policies whether or not they accept federal grant (unfunded demands)

Question 29

good things about federalism

Answer 29

diversity in policy, increases democracy (higher participation and accessibility)

Question 30

bad things about federalism

Answer 30

run national majority on certain policies, decentralization can be bad, too many governments

Question 31

scope of government and federalism

Answer 31

state and national gov has their own responsibilities to carry out within their reasonable scopes, different levels of resources and authority