WEEK 3 Flashcards
what is responsible for extinction of automatic protective or defensive response to non threatening conditioned stimuli associated with threat (or in PTSD)
pre frontal cortex
exerts inhibitiory control over amygdala
which developmental age can reactive attachment disorder be diagnosed?
at least 9 months
MSE findings for LBD
deficits in attention (fluctuating cognition)
bradykinesia, cogwheel rigidity (parkinsonism)
what is usually comorbid with social (pragmatic) communication disorder?
ADHD
in narcolepsy, what can be used to decrease frequency of cataplexy?
venlafaxine (and other SNRI.antideperessants since they suppress REM)
(modafinil and methylphen increase wakefulness but don’t effect cataplexY)
diagnostic test for neurosyphilis
treponema pallidum particle agglutination assay and fluorescent treponemal antibody absorption (FTA-ABS)
RPR and VDRL tests are SCREENING
what to use to help to alleviate symptoms of benzo withdrawal?
carbamazepine/valproate
rumination disorder
Repeated regurgitation of food for one month or longer
under feeding and eating disorders
vitamin b3 (niacin) deficiency
pellagra - dermatitis, diarrhea, dementia
which serotonin receptor antagonist has potential for life threatening hepatic failure
nefazodone (withdrawn from some markets)
what test to do if concerned about conversion disorder in someone with lower extremity weakness (hips and toes)
Hoover’s sign - hip extensor weakness that returns to strength on contralateral hip flexion
toes - plantar flexion weakness on physical exam yet are able to use tip toes
difference between internal and external validity
internal validity - needs good experimental design to study desired population
external validity - needs to be GENERALIZABLE TO GENERAL POPULATION and not just population in study
median age of onset GAD
30 yo
which atypical does not effect qtc?
lurasidone
medication for chorea from Huntington’s
tetrabenazine/deutetrabenazine
antipsychotics can be used sometimes too
huntington gene location
chromosome 4p (autosomia ldominant CAG trinucleotide repeat)
what lab to get if suspect pica?
iron level (can also do zinc)
degree that individual factors combined toether results in measuring a REAL disorder
construct validity
comparing validity to another instrument or measure that has presumed validity
criterion validity
degree to which individual items in a measurement are related to the disorder being measured
CONTENT validity
therapy for conduct disorder
multiysystemic therapy with parent, teach,er legal, etc (i.e. parent management training)
what does brain look like in ASD?
larger brain size due to increase in white matter (causes issues with brain connectivity)
EEG in REM?
alpha waves and saw tooth pattern
sleep stages?
NREM (N1, N2, N3) then REM
theta waves and vertex sharp waves on polysom; stage?
n1
theta waves with k complexes and sleep spindles, stage?
N2
delta waves and high ampitude slow waves on polysom
N3
usual time to get to REM?
90 mins; so if you have decreased REM latency this can indicate MDD
REM sleep in depression
decreased latency to REM <90 min, increased percentage of sleep is REM
antidepressants to REM sleep?
decrase amount of REM sleep = more restful sleep
benzo use disorder does what to sleep?
- reduced REM latency
- disruption to normal sleep, (inc N2, increased sleep spindles, and intrusion of sleep spindles into REM)
Alzheimer’s to sleep?
- less N2 sleep
- more poorly formed sleep spindles and K complexes
what stage to patients with sleep terrors usually awakeN?
first third of night during NON REM (pts can’t remember these whcih makes sense since you can sometimes remember REM)
polysom in sleep terror
slow waves characteristic of N3, during terror EEG bcomes ambiguous