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NAPLEX '22 Main Points > Required Formulas for Calculations > Flashcards

Required Formulas for Calculations Flashcards

1
Q

1 quart = X mL

A

960 mL

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2
Q

1 gallon = X mL

A

3,840 mL

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3
Q

1 pound = X g

A

454 g

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4
Q

1 grain = X mg

A

65 mg

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5
Q

Specific Gravity equation

A

SG = g/mL

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6
Q

PPM –> % strength

A

move decimal left 4 places

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7
Q

% strength –> PPM

A

move decimal right 4 places

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8
Q

Osmolarity equation

A

mOsm/L = [wt of substance (g/L)] / [MW (g/mole)] x (# of particles) x 1000

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9
Q

Isotonicity equation (E value)

A

E = [(58.5 x i) / (MW of drug x 1.8)]

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10
Q

moles equation

A

mols = g/MW

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11
Q

mmols equation

A

mmols = mg/MW

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12
Q

mEq equation

A

mEq = [ (mg x valence) / MW ] or

mEq = mmols x valence

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13
Q

Enteral Nutrition Calories

A 
Carbs/Protein = 4 kcal/g
Fat = 9 kcal/g
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14
Q

Parenteral Nutrition Calories

A 
Dextrosee monohydrate = 3.4 kcal/g
Amino acid solutions = 4 kcal/g 
ILE 10% = 1.1 kcal/mL
ILE 20% = 2 kcal/mL
ILE 30% = 3 kcal/mL
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15
Q

Ideal Body Weight equation

A

IBW.m = 50 kg + 2.3 (>5’)

IBW.f = 45.5 kg + 2.3 (>5’)

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16
Q

Adjusted Body Weight equation

A

AdjBW = IBW + 0.4(TBW - IBW)

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17
Q

Which drugs uses IBW for drug dosing?

A

Aminophylline, Theophylline, Acyclovir & Levothyroxine

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18
Q

Which drugs uses TBW for drug dosing?

A

LMWH, UFH, and Vancomycin

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19
Q

Which drug uses AdjBW when patients are obese?

A

Aminoglycosides

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20
Q

Labs that determines dehydration

A

BUN:SCR > 20:1

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21
Q

ABG: pH/pCO2/pO2/HCO3/O2 sat

A

pH < 7.35 = alkalosis | pH > 7.45 = acidosis

Respiratory: pCO2 < 35 = alk | > 45 = acidosis

Metabolic: HCO3 > 26 = alk | < 22 = acidosis

if both pCO2 and HCO3 are abnormal; use the one that matches pH

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22
Q

Anion Gap equation

A

AG = Na - Cl - HCO3

23
Q

Weak acid equation

A

pH = pKa + log [salt/acid]

24
Q

Weak base equation

A

pH = pKw - pKb + log [base/salt]

25
Q

Temperature Conversion; C –> F

A

C = (F - 32) / 1.8

26
Q

Temperature Conversion: F –> C

A

F = (C x 1.8) + 32

27
Q

Absolute Neutrophil Count

A

ANC = WBC x [ (segs % + bands %) / 100]

segs% or PMN or polys

28
Q

Risk equation

A

Risk = [# of subjects in group with an unfavorable event] /
[total # of subjects in group]

29
Q

Relative Risk equation

A

RR = [Risk in treatment group] / [Risk in contol group]

30
Q

Relative Risk Reduction equation

A

RRR = [ (% risk in control group - % risk in treatment group) / (% risk in control group) ]

31
Q

Absolute Risk Reduction equation

A

ARR = (% risk in control group) - (% risk in treatment group)

32
Q

Number Needed to Treat or Harm equation

A

NNT or NNH = 1 / ARR

33
Q

Odds Ratio equation

A

OR = AD / BC

Exposure - Outcome Present - Outcome Absent
Present A B
Absent C D

34
Q

Hazard Ratio equation

A

HR = [Hazard rate in the treatment group] / [Hazard rate in the control group]

35
Q

Incremental Cost-Effectiveness Ratio equation

A

ICR = (C2 - C1) / (E2 - E1)

C = costs; E = effects

36
Q

Pack-Year Smoking History

A

Pack-Year Smoking History = [Cigarette pack / day] x years smoked

37
Q

Friedewald Equation for Dyslipidemia

A

LDL = TC - HDL - [TG* / 5]

*do not use if TG > 400

38
Q

Volume of Distribution equation

A

Vd = [amount of drug in body] / [conc of drug in plasma]

39
Q

Clearance equation PK

A

Cl = [F x dose] / AUC or Cl = ke x Vd

40
Q

Elimination Rate Constant (ke)

A

ke = Cl / Vd

41
Q

Half-life equation

A

t(1/2) = 0.693 / ke

42
Q

Loading Dose equation PK

A

LD = [desired conc x Vd] / F

43
Q

Bioavailability (F) equation

A

F (%) = 100 x [AUC extra / AUC intra] x [Dose IV / Dose EV]

44
Q

Prediction Drug Concentration equation

A

C2 = C1 x e^-kt

ke = [ln (C1/C2) / t]

45
Q

KCL solution oral to tablets

A

KCl 10% = 20 mEq/15 mL

46
Q

Calcium Salts conversion

A

Calcium Carbonate = 40 % elemental calcium

Calcium Citrate = 21 % elemental calcium

47
Q

Aminophyllin to Theophylline conversion

A

ATM: A = T x 0.8

**T = A / 0.8

48
Q

Loop Diuretic Conversions

A

Ethacrynic acid 50 mg = Furosemide 40 mg = Torsemide 20 mg = Bumetanide 1 mg

Furosemide IV:PO = 1:2
Other Loops IV:PO = 1:1

49
Q

Metoprolol IV:PO

A

1:2.5

50
Q

Ferrous Sulfate conversion

A

Ferrous Sulfate = 20 % elemental iron (325 mg x 20% = 65 mg iron)

51
Q

Levothyroxine IV:PO

A

0.75:1

52
Q

Steroids Conversions

A 
Cortisone 25 mg
Hydrocortisone 20 mg
Prednisone 5 mg 
Prednisolone 5 mg
Methylprednisolone 4 mg 
Triamcinolone 4 mg 
Dexamethasone 0.75 mg 
Betamethasone 0.6 mg
53
Q

Statin Conversions

A 
Pitavastatin 2 mg 
Rosuvastatin 5 mg 
Atorvastatin 10 mg
Simvastatin 20 mg 
Lovastatin 40 mg 
Pravastatin 40 mg
Fluvastatin 80 mg
54
Q

Lithium Conversions

A

5 mL lithium citrate syrup = 300mg lithium carbonate = 8 mEq Li* ion

NAPLEX '22 Main Points (11 decks)

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