Chapter 4: Biology of the cell

Question 1

What are the general functions of
a cell?

Answer 1

Maintain cell structure and function. Waste disposal (prevents disruption of cell activity). Obtain nutrients to make building blocks.

Question 2

What lipids are the plasma membrane made
of?

Answer 2

Phospholipids, glycolipids, and cholesterol

Question 3

What are the components phospholipids

Answer 3

Hydrophobic (nonpolar) tails and hydrophyllic heads (polar)

Question 4

Function of phospholipid bilayer

Answer 4

Acts as a barrier between cytoplasm and interstitial fluid.

Question 5

Define functions of phospholipids, cholesterol, glycolipids, and protein channels on plasma membrane

Answer 5

Phopsholipids- Separates cytoplasm and IF
Cholesterol- Adds flexibility and strength to membrane
Glycolipids- Marks cell as body’s cell
Protein channel- Allows solutes and molecules in/out of cell

Question 6

List membranous and non-membranous organelles

Answer 6

Membranous-Mitochondria, ER, Golgi Apparatus, Peroxisomes,
Lysosomes, Nucleus
Non-membranous- Ribosomes,centrioles, cytoskeleton

Question 7

List and define components of nucleus

Answer 7

Nucleolus Cinner most dark matter), chromatin (condensed matter surrounding
nucleolus), nuclear envelope ( membrane surrounding nucleus)

Question 8

What are the two different plasma
membrane proteins called?

Answer 8

Integral proteins (i.e glycoproteins) Embedded in membrane
Peripheral proteins- Not embedded in layer

Question 9

List two main processes of membrane transport

Answer 9

Diffusion - Movement of solute down conc. gradient
Osmosis - Movement of water from high to low conc. gradient

Question 10

What are two main types of active membrane transport?

Answer 10

Active transport and vesicular

Question 11

Exoctosis and endcytosis are

Answer 11

Release of content in or out of cell via vesicles