Taxonomy Review Flashcards

1
Q

How many species have been currently named and classified?

A

over 2 million

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2
Q

What did Carolus Linneaeus develop?

A

hierarchical categories according to structure and form

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3
Q

What did Aristotle classify the first system by?

A

plants or animals and where the lived (land, air, water)

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4
Q

how many levels were in the original linnaean system?

A

7

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5
Q

What is the largest level in the modern linnaean system?

A

domain

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6
Q

how many levels are in the modern linnaean system?

A

8

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7
Q

What is the smallest level in the modern linnaean system?

A

species

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8
Q

What is the llinnaean system in order from biggest to smallest?

A

domain, kingdom, phylum, class, order, family, genus, and species

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9
Q

subspecies

A

variations of a species that live in different geographic areas

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10
Q

Binomial classification is always written in what ?

A

italics or underlined

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11
Q

what are the two systematics?

A

taxonomy and phylogenetics

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12
Q

what is the goal of systematics?

A

to classify organisms in term of their natural relationships

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13
Q

phylogeny

A

evolutionary history of a species or taxon

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14
Q

what does phylogenetics compare?

A

patterns of embryonic development of DNA and RNA

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15
Q

what is cladistics?

A

a system of phylogenetic analysis that uses shared and derived character as the only criteria for grouping taxa

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16
Q

clade

A

group of organisms that share one or more derived characters

17
Q

molecular cladistics

A
  • use the count of shared, derived amino acids to hypothesize relationships
  • independent of physical similarities and differences
18
Q

karyotyping is…

A

a test to examine chromosomes in a sample of cells

19
Q

analyzing karyotypes help…

A

shed light on evolutionary relationships

20
Q

tree of life is divided into what groups?

A

2: eukaryotes and prokaryotes

21
Q

domain bacteria

A
  • small
  • single celled prokaryotes
    -lack organelle complex