Action potentials Flashcards
what do glia do?
provide physical support, control nutrient flow and are involved in phagocytosis
Astrocytes
Provide physical support and transport nutrients to neurons
increase or decrease communication between neurons
Oligodendroglia
Provide physical support and form the myelin sheath CNS axons (myelinating)
Schwann Cells
form myelin for PNS axons (myelinating)
Microglia
Involved in phagocytosis and brain immune function (myelinating)
sheath layers around peripheral nerves
- endoneurium: separates individual axons
- perineurium: surrounding fascicles (bundles of axons)
- epineurium: encloses entire nerve trunk
what are stem cells used for?
Precursor to Neurons & Glial Cells
Self-renew
Regenerative medicine
what are leak channels?
a small number of ions diffuse across the cell membrane
what are Modality Channels ?
sensory neuron reacting to detecting mechanical force, temperature or chemical changes
what are Ligand-gated Channels?
channel opens when neurotransmitter binds to receptor site. Generates local potential.
what are Voltage-gated Channels?
structural change of the channel due to the electrical potential. Opens and closes quickly
what is an Electrical Potential?
the difference in electrical charge across the membrane
what are Three types of electrical potential?
Resting membrane potential
Local Potential
Action Potential
what is the Resting membrane potential (RMP)?
the difference in voltage between the inside and outside of the axon membrane when the neuron is not transmitting any information
aka No net change in ions across the membrane
what is a Local potential?
change in voltage that spreads only a short distance