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Advanced Somm > Rhone Valley, SW France, Languedoc, Roussillon, Corsica > Flashcards

Rhone Valley, SW France, Languedoc, Roussillon, Corsica Flashcards

1
Q

Describe the wines of Coteaux de Die AOP.

A

Whites based on Clairette (100%)

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2
Q

How many communes are part of Cotes du Roussillon-Villages AOP? How many may appened their name? Which?

A

-32 communes
-4 communes
-Latour-de-France
-Caramany
-Lesquerde
-Tautavel

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3
Q

What region has more acres under vine than any other in the world?

A

Languedoc-Roussillon

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4
Q

What are the Rasteau vin doux naturel labeling terms?

A

Oxidative - aged min 3 yrs
-Ambré - white
-Tuilé - red

Fresher
-Blanc - white
-Grenat - red

Rancio
-maderized
-open barrels
-left in the sun

“Hors d’Age” - min 5 yrs of age

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5
Q

What is the subzone of Cotes du Roussillon?

A

Les Apres
-Reds based on Syrah & Mourvèdre

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6
Q

Where is the Patrimonio AOP?

A

Corsica

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7
Q

What are the permitted methods of production for Gaillac Mousseux?

A

-Traditional method
-Méthode Gaillaçoise - a variant of méthode ancestrale

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8
Q

Where and what is Buzet AOP?

A

-South of Bergerac
-Red, white, rosé - Bordeaux varieties

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9
Q

What are the main grapes of Corsica?

A

(All Indigenous)
-Nielluccio - Sangiovese variant
-Sciacarello
-Vermentino

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10
Q

What color wines can be Cotes de Provence AOP?

A

-Red
-White
-Rosé - 75% of ouput

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11
Q

Where and what is Cotes de Marmandais AOP?

A

South of Bergerac
-Red, white, rosé
-Bordeaux varieties w/a compliment of local grapes

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12
Q

What color wines can be Corbieres AOP?

A

Red, white, rosé

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13
Q

What is the climate of the Rhone Valley?

A

-N. Rhone - more continental
-S. Rhone - Mediterranean

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14
Q

What is the local term used for vintage in Banyuls?

A

rimage

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15
Q

Which N. Rhone appellation is shielded from “le mistrale”?

A

Cornas

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16
Q

Where is Banyuls AOP?

A

Roussillon - southernmost, appellation in continental France

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17
Q

What appellation in France produces varietal Fer wines?

A

Marcillac AOP - min 90%

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18
Q

Which of Corbières sub-zones was promoted?

A

Corbières-Boutenac - Carignan-based red wines

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19
Q

Where is Pierrevert AOP and what color are the wines?

A

(Outlying) S. Rhone - North of Provence
-Red, rosé, white

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20
Q

What N. Rhone appellations allow for blending Viognier w/ Syrah?

A

Côte Rôtie only

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21
Q

Who makes 90% of the wine labeled as Muscat de Beaume-de-Venise AOP?

A

A local co-operative, the Vignerons de Beaumes-de-Venise

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22
Q

Who revived Hermitage Vin de Paille?

A

-Gerard Chave in the 1970s
-Chapoutier more recently

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23
Q

What color wines does St-Joseph produce? From what grapes?

A

Red - Syrah, max 10% combined Marsanne, Roussanne

White - Marsanne and/or Roussanne

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24
Q

What 4 lieux-dits is Cornas divided into?

A

-Les Reynards
-La Côte
-Les Chaillot
-Les Mazards

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25
Q

When was Vacqueyras promoted from CDR-Villages AOP?

A

1990

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26
Q

What are the requirements for Branyuls Grand Cru AOP?

A

-Min 75% Grenache Noir
-Min 30 months in barrel

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27
Q

What color can Beaume-de-Venise be? From what grapes?

A

Red - min 50% Grenache

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28
Q

What is required for Cotes de Bergerac AOP?

A

-Bergerac delimited zone but it requires a higher min abv

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29
Q

What 18 communes may append their name to Côtes du Rhone-Villages AOP?

A

-Caranne
-Chusclan
-Gadagne (2012)
-Laudan
-Massif d’Uchaux
-Plan de Dieu
-Puyméras
-Roaix
-Rochegude
-Rousset les Vignes
-Sablet
-St-Gervais
-St-Maurice
-St-Pantaleon-les-Vignes
-Ségut
-Signargues
-Valréas
-Visan

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30
Q

What is the style and varieties of Tavel?

A

Rosé - regarded as France’s premiere rosé appellation

-Grenache based and dry

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31
Q

When did the Roman Catholic Popes reside in Avignon?

A

1309-1378

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32
Q

Where is Faugères AOP? What color wines?

A

Languedoc - red, white, rosé

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33
Q

What color wines can be Pécharmant AOP?

A

Blended reds
-The longest-lived wines from Bergerac

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34
Q

Name 3 excellent producers of Bandol.

A

-Domaine Tempier
-Chateau Pibarnon
-Chateau Pradeaux

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35
Q

What is the physically smallest red wine appellation of the N. Rhone?

A

Cornas - although Hermitage produces less wine
-Just over 100ha planted

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36
Q

Where is Rosette AOP?

A

Sweet wine AOP of Bergerac

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37
Q

Where is Haut-Montravel AOP?

A

Sweet wine AOP of Bergerac

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38
Q

Where is vin doux naturel produced in the S. Rhone?

A

-Rasteau AOP
-Muscat de Beaume-de-Venise AOP

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39
Q

What is Clairette de Bellegarde AOP?

A

A single-commune appellation within Costières de Nîmes, produces white wines from the Clairette grape

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40
Q

What is the encépagement of Chateau Rayas?

A

100% Grenache

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41
Q

What does “Hors d’Age” mean on a Rivesaltes label?

A

Aged min 5 yrs
-In practice, they may receive up to 20 yrs aging prior to release
(Tuilé or Ambré only)

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42
Q

What is the soil known as in Cornas?

A

“Gore” - naked granite

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43
Q

What are the authorized grapes of Chateauneuf-du-Pape?

A

-Grenache (Noir/Blanc/Gris)
-Mourvèdre
-Cinsault
-Counoise
-Picpoul (Noir/Blanc/Gris)
-Terret Noir
-Bourboulenc
-Clairette/Clairette Rosé
-Roussanne
-Vaccarèse
-Picardin
-Muscardin

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44
Q

What is the most full-bodied, richest, and consistently quality-minded VDN appellation in France?

A

Banyuls AOP

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45
Q

What is the premiere producer of Les Baux de Provence AOP?

A

Domaine de Trévallon
-1995 AOC promotion left the estate to release its Cabernet-based wines as “Vin de Pays”

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46
Q

What are the sub-zones of Cotes de Provence?

A

-La Londe
-Pierrefeu
-Sainte-Victoire
-Fréjus

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47
Q

What advantages does co-fermentation offer?

A

Stabilizing red wine color and moderating tannin extraction

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48
Q

What color wines can Crozes-Hermitage be? From what grapes?

A

-Red - Syrah, max 15% combined Marsanne/Roussanne
-Blanc - Marsanne and/or Roussanne

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49
Q

Where is Cabardès AOP? What color wines are produced?

A

-Languedoc
-Red & Rosé (Grenache/Syrah/Major Bordeaux Varieties)

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50
Q

What sub-zone of Minervois received full appellation status for reds in 1999?

A

Minervois-La Livinière

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51
Q

Where is Palette AOP?

A

Provence

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52
Q

What do “Rivesaltes” mean?

A

“High River” in Catalan tongue

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53
Q

What is the aging requirement for Rivesaltes Tuilé?

A

Aged in an oxidative environment until at least March 1 of the 3rd year following harvest

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54
Q

Where is the Cassis AOP?

A

Provence

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55
Q

Who owns Chateau Grillet?

A

Neyret-Gachet which was purchased by François Pinault 2011

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56
Q

What are the appellations of the Dordogne?

A

-Bergerac
-Cotes de Bergerac
-Pécharmant
-Montravel
-Haut-Montravel
-Cotes de Montravel
-Rosette
-Saussignac
-Monbazillac

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57
Q

What are the sweet wine appellations of Bergerac?

A

-Monbazillac AOP
-Saussignac AOP
-Rosette AOP
-Haut-Montravel AOP
-Cotes Montravel AOP

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58
Q

What is the difference between these AOPs: Haut-Montravel, Cotes de Montravel, and Montravel?

A

-Montravel - dry reds & dry whites
-Haut- and Cotes-Montravel have the exact same reqs (VDN whites)

-All 3 are separate delimited zones:
-Cotes - northernmost
-Haut - middle
-Montravel - southernmost

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59
Q

What appellation of Provence has been pushing for organic mandated farming?

A

Les Baux de Provence AOP

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60
Q

What is Le Rapé?

A

-CdP Producers must discard 2% of harvest grapes
-safeguards against under-ripeness
-Mandated by AOP regulations

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61
Q

What communes can grapes for Muscat de Beaume-de-Venise AOP be sourced?

A

-Beaume-de-Venise
-Aubignon

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62
Q

What AOP mandates Negrette?

A

Fronton AOP

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63
Q

Where is St-Chinian AOP? What color wine is produced there?

A

Languedoc - red, rosé, & white
(white is a recent addition)

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64
Q

What colors and from what grapes are produced under the Patrimonio AOP?

A

White - Vermentino
Red/Rosé - Nielluccio

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65
Q

When were the vineyards of Gaillac AOP established?

A

SW France
-By the Romans of ancient Gaul in the 1st century CE, are among France’s oldest

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66
Q

What is the aging req for Rivesaltes Grenat?

A

Aged reductively for 1 yr
-Must be bottled before March 1 of the 2nd yr following harvest

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67
Q

What color wine can be Languedoc AOP?

A

-Red - min 50% combined Grenache, Syrah, Mourvèdre, Lladoner Pelut
-Rosé
-White

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68
Q

Who are the 4 main producers of Hermitage?

A

-Jean-Louis Chave (singular producer)

Negociants:
-Delas
-M. Chapoutier
-Paul Jaboulet

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69
Q

What sparkling wine AOP of Limoux favors Chard & Chenin Blanc?

A

Crémant de Limoux

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70
Q

What are the major cities of the Southern Rhone?

A

-Montelimar (north)
-Avignon (South-Central)
-Nîmes (Southwest)

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71
Q

Describe the wines of Cremant de Die AOP.

A

Sparkling - does not req 100% Clairette

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72
Q

Where is Coteaux Varois?

A

Provence - Coteaux Varois en Provence

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73
Q

What region of the S. Rhone adjoins the S. Rhone, Provence & Languedoc?

A

Costières de Nîmes AOP

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74
Q

What AOP of the S. Rhone was formerly considered an appellation of the Languedoc?

A

Costières de Nîmes AOP
-Changed in 2004

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75
Q

What vin doux naturel colors can Rasteau AOP be?

A

White, Rosé, & Red
-Based on Grenache (Noir/Blanc/Gris)

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76
Q

What AOP represents over 90% of France’s fortified wine?

A

Rivesaltes AOP

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77
Q

Where is Cotes de Montravel AOP?

A

Sweet wine AOP of Bergerac

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78
Q

Where is Cotes du Vivarais AOP? Color of wines?

A

S. Rhone - red, rosé, & white

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79
Q

What wine may be labeled “Muscat de Nöel”?

A

Rivesaltes vin doux naturel - Muscat Blanc à Petits Grains & Muscat d’Alexandrie
-Christmas wines that must be bottled no later than Dec 1 of the yr of harvest

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80
Q

Who has long been considered the bearer of traditional wines for Cornas?

A

Auguste Clape

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81
Q

What are the two distinct, non-contiguous sectors of Fitou AOP?

A

-Fitou Maritime
-Fitou Montagneux

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82
Q

Where did Rasteu’s labeling terms come from?

A

In 2011, Rasteau vignerons adopted the labeling terms from Rivesaltes in Roussillon

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83
Q

What colors, from what grapes, can Les Beaux de Provence AOP be?

A

Red & Rosé
-Based on Grenache, Syrah, & Cinsault
White (added in 2011)
-Based on Grenache Blanc, Vermentino, Clairette, Roussanne

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84
Q

What are the Gaillac “Premières Côtes” for?

A

The appellation exists for the dry whites of eleven communes

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85
Q

What are the sweet whites of Gaillac labeled?

A

Gaillac Doux

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86
Q

What are the two sub-zone designations of St-Chinian AOP?

A

-Berlou
-Roquebrun

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87
Q

What areas of the N. Rhone are defined by heat-retaining granitic and schistous soils?

A

-Côte-Rôtie
-Condrieu
-Hermitage

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88
Q

What are the appellations of Corsica?

A

-Vin de Corse
-Muscat du Cap Corse
-Ajaccio
-Patrimonio

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89
Q

What color wines are permitted for Limoux?

A

Red & White

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90
Q

What river is Cahors located on? Where is Cahors?

A

-Lot River
-Southwest France

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91
Q

What is the northernmost appellation of the N. Rhone?

A

Côte-Rôtie

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92
Q

Where is Madiran AOP?

A

In Gascony in Sw France

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93
Q

What is the thin topsoil that is powdery, decomposed micah in Condrieu?

A

Arzelle

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94
Q

What grapes can Rivesaltes Ambré, Tuilé, and Rosé be?

A

Grenache (Blanc, Noir, Gris), Tourbat, Macabeu

-max 20% combined Muscat à Petit Grains & Muscat d’Alexandria

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95
Q

What is a major set back for St-Joseph?

A

The appellation’s borders have greatly enlarged from the original delimited area

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96
Q

What styles of wine can St-Peray be? From what grapes?

A

-Exclusively whites - Marsanne & Roussanne
-Marsane - broader, oily texture, marzipan character
-Roussanne - more delicate, adds acidity, waxy minerality

-Can produce mousseux
-méthode traditionelle

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97
Q

What variant of Muscat is used for Muscat du Cap Corse AOP?

A

Muscat à Petits Grains Blanc

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98
Q

What style of wines are Cotes du Roussillon?

A

Dry red, white and rosé

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99
Q

Describe the wines of Clairette de Die AOP?

A

-Two sparkling styles
-Méthode Traditionelle
-Clairette is traditional
-max 15 g/L RS
-Méthode Dioise Ancestrale
-Rustic sparkler
-Muscat contain 75% Muscat à Petits Grains
-Min 35g/L RS (implying demi-sec)

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100
Q

What is the only appellation in France to focus on Mourvèdre?

A

Bandol AOP
-Min 50% Mourvèdre - blended w/Grenache, Cinsault (and to a lesser extent Syrah & Carignan)

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101
Q

Where is Pécharmant AOP?

A

Bergerac

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102
Q

Where is Saussignac AOP?

A

Sweet wine AOP of Bergerac

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103
Q

Where is Chateau Simone?

A

Palette AOP (Provence)

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104
Q

What are unfortified red, rosé, and whites from Banyuls?

A

Colliure AOP

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105
Q

Where and what is Côtes de Duras AOP?

A

South of Bergerac

Red, white & rosé
-Bordeaux varieties

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106
Q

What 5 grapes represent the bulk of red & rosé of Cotes de Provence?

A

-Cinsault
-Grenache
-Mourvèdre
-Syrah
-Tibouren (local, garrigue scented)

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107
Q

What are the important climats of Hermitage?

A

-La Chapelle
-L’Hermite
-Le Méal
-Les Bressards
-Gréffieux
-Beaume
-Péléat

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108
Q

What is unique about the wines of Chateau de Beaucastel?

A

-Dominated by Mourvèdre
-Produced from every authorized variety

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109
Q

What are the two major cities of the Northern Rhone?

A

Vienne & Valence

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110
Q

Where is Bandol AOP located?

A

Provence

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111
Q

Where is the Bellet AOP?

A

Provence

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112
Q

Describe the white still wines of Limoux.

A

Based on Chard, Chenin, and Mauzac
-Must be barrel fermented

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113
Q

What color wines does Cassis AOP produce?

A

Red, white, rosé
-Clairette and Marsanne account for the better wines

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114
Q

What are the grapes of Madiran?

A

Based on Tannat, plus CF, CS, and Fer

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115
Q

When was Vinsobres promoted from CDR-Villages?

A

2006

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116
Q

What 4 appellations shared CDP’s min potential ABV for reds?

A

-Gigondas
-Vacqueyras
-Beaume-de-Venise
-Vinsobres

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117
Q

What is Rolle?

A

A local synonym for Italian Vermentino in Bellet AOP

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118
Q

Where was micro-oxygenation developed? Why?

A

Madiran
-Patrick Ducournau developed micro-oxygenation in the 1990s to soften the blow of Tannat

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119
Q

What is the production method for Muscat de Beaume-de-Venise AOP?

A

Fermentation is arrested through mutage
-adding pure grape spirit to arrest fermentation in a proportion of 5-10%

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120
Q

What does the Papel Crest indicate? What does the “La Mitrale” indicate? Who first released an estate-bottled CDP wine?

A

-It indicates that the wines were bottled in the area and they are a member of the Federation
-It indicates that they are a member of the SIDVAOC
-Ch. La Nerthe released the first estate-bottled CDP wines in 1785

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121
Q

What was phylloxera’s doorway to France? When?

A

Lirac - 1863

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122
Q

Who are the 3 producers helping with the resurgence of Condrieu?

A

-Georges Varnay
-Yves Cuilleron
-André Perret

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123
Q

What color wines may CDR and CDR-Villages be?

A

Both - red, white, rosé

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124
Q

What color wines does Cornas produce? From what grapes?

A

Red only - 100% Syrah

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125
Q

Where is Monbazillac AOP?

A

Bergerac

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126
Q

What is rimage?

A

Local term for vintage in Banyuls

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127
Q

What color wines (what grapes) are produced under the Ajaccio AOP?

A

Red/Rosé - min 40% Sciacarello
White - min 80% Vermentino

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128
Q

What color wines does Gigondas produce?

A

Red & Rosé
-min 50% Grenache
-Typically blended w/Syrah & Mourvèdre
-Other Rhone varieties may be planted - up to max 10% (except Carignan)

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129
Q

Where and what is Marcillac AOP?

A

SW France (East of Cahors)

min 90% Fer (red)

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130
Q

Where are the Rhone River’s headwaters?

A

Switzerland

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131
Q

Where is Jurançon AOP?

A

Pyrénées-Atlantique department, in the SW of France

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132
Q

What styles can be Rivesaltes AOP?

A

-Ambré (Amber)
-Tuilé (Tawny)
-Grenat (Red)
-Rosé
-Rancio

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133
Q

What colors can Hermitage be? From what grapes?

A

Red - Syrah, max 15% combined Marsanne, Roussanne
White - Marsanne and/or Roussanne
Vin de Paille - Marsanne and/or Roussanne

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134
Q

What is Fer?

A

A local red grape in the SW of France

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135
Q

What appellation was formerly known as Cotes du Tricastin?

A

Grignan-les-Adhémar AOP
-Rebranded in 2010 to avoid unsavory association with Tricastin nuclear plant

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136
Q

When was Gigondas promoted from CDR-Villages AOP?

A

1971

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137
Q

What was Fronton AOP formerly known as?

A

Côtes de Frontonnais

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138
Q

What AOP is based on Gamay, Aligoté, and Chardonnay in the Rhone Valley?

A

Châtillon-en-Diois AOP
-Red & Rosé - Gamay based
-Whites - based on Chard & Aligoté

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139
Q

What is the southernmost appellation in continental France?

A

Banyuls AOP

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140
Q

What is the only permitted method to make rosé for still wines in France?

A

saignage

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141
Q

What is the most notable sweet wine appellation of Bergerac?

A

Monbazillac AOP

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142
Q

What variety is Rivesaltes Grenat?

A

Grenache Noir

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143
Q

Where is Fitou AOP? When was it promoted?

A

Languedoc
-1948 - one of the region’s oldest appellations

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144
Q

Where is Malepère AOP? What color wines are produced there?

A

-Languedoc
-Red - min 50% Merlot
-Rosé - min 50% CF
-Promoted in 2006

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145
Q

How large is Chateau Grillet?

A

3.5ha

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146
Q

What sparkling AOP of the Northern Rhone allows for the ancestrale method? What is the min % varietal?

A

Clairette de Die AOP
-min 75% Muscat à Petit Grains

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147
Q

What color dry wines can be Gaillac AOP?

A

Red, white & rosé
-Red blends - Duras, Fer, Syrah w/ small allotment of Bordeaux grapes
-White - Mauzac, Muscadelle, and Len de l’El

148
Q

What styles are the wines of Jurançon and of what grapes?

A

Blanc - Gros Manseng

Blanc (passerillage) - Petit Manseng

Also allowed: Petit Courbu, Camaralet, Lauzet

149
Q

Where is the Minervois AOP?

A

Languedoc

150
Q

What are the eligible communes for Rasteau AOP?

A

-Rasteau
-Cairanne
-Sablet

151
Q

Who is the largest producer of Côte-Rôtie?

A

E. Guigal

152
Q

What are fortified wine appellations of the Languedoc?

A

-Muscat de Mireval AOP
-Muscat de Lunel AOP
-Muscat de St-Jean-de-Minervois AOP
-Muscat de Frontignan (most common - may be either: vin doux naturel or vin de liqueur)

153
Q

Where is Domaine de Triennes located?

A

Coteaux Varois en Provence

154
Q

Where is Ventoux? Color of wines?

A

S. Rhone - red, rosé & white

155
Q

What region of the N. Rhone can produce Vin de Paille?

A

Hermitage

156
Q

What does Maury AOP produce?

A

-Still dry red
-Vin doux naturel - Grenache (Noir, Blanc, Gris)

Same as Rivesaltes styles:
-Blanc
-Ambré
-Grenat
-Tuilé
-Hors d’Age
-Rancio

157
Q

Who invented mutage?

A

Arnaud de Villeneuve, in the 13th centuray, in Rivesaltes
-He was an physician who used it for medicinal elixirs

158
Q

What is the min ABV of CDP?

A

min 12.5% ABV - highest in France for dry AOP wines

159
Q

When did phylloxera hit CDP?

A

1863 - S. Rhone was the first quality region to be struck in France

160
Q

What was the first French AOC and when?

A

Chateauneuf-du-Pape in 1936
-Following phylloxera, wine fraud took hold in France
-CDP growers set/imposed rules for production to combat fraud

161
Q

What is arzelle?

A

-This topsoil that is rich w/powdery, decomposed micah
-Near the commune of Condrieu

162
Q

What are bonbonnes?

A

Glass jugs used to age Rivesaltes oxidately

163
Q

What is the S. Rhone’s northernmost appellation?

A

Grignan-les-Adhémar AOP

164
Q

Fitou is embeded within which larger region?

A

Corbières AOP

165
Q

What colors and what grapes are used for Vin de Corse AOP?

A

-Red & Rosé - Nielluccio and Sciacarello are blended w/Grenache, Barbarossa, and a host of Rhone grapes

-White - blends based on Vermentino & Ugni Blanc

166
Q

Côte-Rôtie is located behind which town?

A

Ampuis

167
Q

What are the two slopes located nearest Ampuis and considered the heart of Côte-Rôtie?

A

-Côte Brune - stronger, more assertive
-Côte Blonde - yields softer, more alluring wines

168
Q

How long must Bandol AOP wines must age in wood?

A

Min 18 months in wood

169
Q

What 4 AOPs are located on the Drôme River?

A

-Coteaux de Die AOP
-Cremant de Die AOP
-Clairette de Die AOP
-Châtillon-en-Diois AOP

170
Q

What is Sud-Ouest?

A

Southwest France

171
Q

What color wines can Chateauneuf-du-Pape be?

A

Red & White

172
Q

What color wines does Bellet AOP produce?

A

Red, white, & rosé
-More promising whites than reds

173
Q

What is the name of the hour-glass shaped bottle for Provence wines?

A

“Skittle” bottles

174
Q

What are Limxoux reds based on?

A

Merlot based

175
Q

What are the varieties of Cahors?

A

min 70% Malbec, + Tannat and Merlot

176
Q

What are “galets”?

A

“pudding stones” deposited in CDP
-made of quartzite
-they serve to store heat

177
Q

Where is Ajaccio AOP?

A

Corsica

178
Q

What 3 types of bubbles are permitted in Limoux?

A

-Blanquette de Limoux
-min 90% Mauzac
-Crémant de Limoux - traditional method
-Chard & Chenin + max 20% Mauzac and Pinot Noir
-Limoux Methode Ancestrale
-100% Mauzac

179
Q

What is the vin doux naturel AOP of Corisca?

A

Muscat du Cap Corse AOP

180
Q

When was Beaume-de-Venise promoted from CDR-Villages?

A

2005

181
Q

What portion of Rhone’s wines are released as Côtes du Rhone AOP?

A

two-thirds

182
Q

What grape’s name means “far from sight” in the old d’Oc tongue? Why? Where is it a principal grape?

A

Len de l’El - conveys the cluster’s long stalks and distance to the “eye”, or bud from which they sprouted
-Gaillac

183
Q

What is Collioure AOP?

A

Unfortified red, rosé, and white appellation for Banyuls production

184
Q

Where is Montravel AOP? What styles of wine?

A

Dry reds or whites from Bergerac

185
Q

Where is La Landonne? Who are the two main producers?

A

Côte Rôtie
-E. Guigal
-Rene Rostaing

186
Q

What is le mistral?

A

Mistral Wine
-Cold, dry wine
-Greatly affects the S. Rhone and Provence
-Affects the N. Rhone in winter and spring
-Prevents mold and mildew

187
Q

What are the permitted methods for oxidative aging in Rivestaltes?

A

Glass bonbonnes in the sun or solera

188
Q

What are the main grapes and styles of Monbazillac? Is machine harvest allowed?

A

-Blanc/SGN (Bortrytis)
-Bordeaux varieties
-Muscadelle does very well here in the sandy soils
-Hand Harvesting
-Botrytis = multiple tries

189
Q

What color wines (what grapes) are permitted in Fitou AOP?

A

Red - usually dominated by Carignan (and Grenache)

190
Q

What is Muscat de Rivesaltes AOP?

A

Vin Doux Naturel made exclusively of Muscat Blanc à Petits Grains and Muscat d’Alexandrie

191
Q

What styles of wines are Bergerac AOP?

A

Red, white, & rosé
-From Bordeaux varietals
-“Sec” denotes dry whites

192
Q

What are the appellations of the N. Rhone?

A

-Côte-Rôtie
-St-Joseph
-Hermitage
-Crozes-Hermitage
-Cornas
-Condrieu
-Chateau Grillet
-St-Péray
-Crémant de Die
-Clairette de Die
-Coteaux de Die
-Châtillon-en-Dioise
-Cotes du Rhones

193
Q

What is Jaboulet’s premiere wine?

A

-La Chapelle (of Hermitage)

194
Q

What is the major soil of Gigondas?

A

Red clay alluvial soils

195
Q

What colors can Vacqueyras be?

A

-Usually red - min 50% Grenache (generally rustic)
-Small amounts of white and rosé

196
Q

What colors, from what grapes, can Lirac be?

A

Red, white, & rosé
-Grenache (Blanc/Noir)
-Whites may see significant proportions of Clairette and Bourboulenc

197
Q

What are the most important AOP’s in southwestern France?

A

-Cahors
-Madiran
-Jurançon
-Gaillac

198
Q

What is the only appellation outside of Bordeaux to publish a ranking of Grand Cru Classé estates?

A

Côtes du Provence
-Originally classified in 1955
-23 estates

199
Q

What is rancio?

A

French and Spanish term for a fortified wine that has been maderized– exposed to direct sunlight

200
Q

What % does the S. Rhone account for in the Rhone Valley?

A

95%, overwhelmingly devoted to red

201
Q

What appellations in the N. Rhone allow for blending Marsanne and Roussanne w/Syrah?

A

-Hermitage
-Crozes-Hermitage
-St-Joseph

202
Q

What color wines can Côte-Rôtie be? From what grapes?

A

-Red only
-Syrah, max 20% Viognier

203
Q

What and where is Pacherenc du Vic-Bilh AOP?

A

Producers of Madiran (SW France) can make semi-sweet to sweet whites under this AOP
-Based on Petit Manseng, Petit Courbu, and Arrufiac
-Dry wines are labeled “sec”

204
Q

Where is Luberon? Color of wines?

A

S. Rhone - red, rosé, white

205
Q

What regions are located in the basque influenced Pyrénees-Atlantique department?

A

-Jurançon
-Irouléguy
-Béarn

206
Q

Where is the Maury AOP?

A

Roussillon

207
Q

What are the appellations of Provence?

A

-Côtes de Provence
-Coteaux d’Aix-en-Provence
-Les Baux de Provence
-Coteaux Varois en Provence
-Bandol
-Bellet
-Cassis
-Palette

208
Q

What areas of the N. Rhone are dominated by heavier, clay soils?

A

-St-Joseph
-Crozes-Hermitage
-St-Péray

209
Q

What is the aging requirement for Rivesaltes Ambré?

A

Aged in an oxidative environment until at least March 1 of the 3rd year following harvest

210
Q

What is the main grape of “traditionnel” Banyuls AOP?

A

min 50% Grenache Noir

211
Q

What color can Vinsobres be?

A

Red - min 50% Grenache Noir

212
Q

Where and what is Fronton AOP?

A

West of Gaillac

Blended reds & rosés
-min 50% Negrette

213
Q

What appellations in France mandate Tannat’s use?

A

Min 50%
-Madiran
-Béarn

214
Q

How many sub-appellations are in the Languedoc AOP? What are the most prominent?

A

-16
-Terrasses du Larzac
-Le Clape
-Pic-St-Loup

215
Q

What color wines does the Palette AOP produce?

A

Red, rosé, & white
-A dizzying amount of red & white grapes

216
Q

Another name for Northern Rhone

A

Rhone Septentrionale

217
Q

Another name for Southern Rhone

A

Rhone Meridionale

218
Q

Who first constructed the vineyard terraces of the Northern Rhone?

A

Romans

219
Q

What is vinum picatum?

A

Romans

220
Q

Who moved the center of Christian Europe from Rome to Avignon?

A

Pope Clement V

221
Q

What was the first quality region to be stuck by Phylloxera? When?

A

Southern Rhone in 1863

222
Q

What region of Rhone gave way to the prototype of the AOC system?

A

Chateauneuf du Pape

223
Q

What was the first AOC established in France? When did this occur?

A

CNDP; 1936

224
Q

Describe the climatic conditions of the Northern Rhone

A

Benefits from southernly position but experiences greater seasonal temperature shifts, more rainfall, and few hours of sunshine than the southern appellations

225
Q

When do the Mistral winds affect the Northern Rhone?

A

During winter and spring

226
Q

What are the benefits of the Mistral winds in Northern Rhone?

A

It dries the vineyards, preventing mold and mildew

227
Q

What is arzelle? Where is it found?

A

A thin topsoil rich with powdery, decomposed mica; Near the commune of Condrieu

228
Q

What are the soils of Cote Rotie, Condrieu and Hermitage?

A

Heat retaining granitic and schistous

229
Q

What are the soils of St Joseph, Crozes Hermitage and St Peray?

A

Heavier in clay

230
Q

Cote Rotie allows up to ___% of what white grape?

A

20% Viognier

231
Q

Which two Northern Rhone appellations allow up to 15% Marsanne/Roussanne?

A

Hermitage and Crozes Hermitage

232
Q

Hermitage allows up to ____% combined of what white grapes?

A

15% Marsanne/Roussanne

233
Q

Crozes Hermitage allows up to ____% combined of what white grapes?

A

15% Marsanne/Roussanne

234
Q

What Northern Rhone appellation allows up to 10% Marsanne/Roussanne?

A

St Joseph

235
Q

St Joseph allows up to ____% combined of what white grapes?

A

10% Marsanne/Roussanne

236
Q

Name 6 climats of Hermitage

A

L’Hermite, le Meal, les Bessards, Greffieux, Beaume, Peleat

237
Q

Where is Crozes Hermitage situated?

A

Behind the hill of Hermitage

238
Q

Which sub appellation of Northern Rhone has the warmest climate?

A

Cornas

239
Q

Which red wine producing appellations in northern Rhone can also produce white wines? Which cannot?

A

St Jospeh, Crozes Hermitage, Hermitage; Cornas, Cote Rotie

240
Q

What are the only two permitted grapes of St Peray?

A

Marsanne and Roussanne

241
Q

What does Marsanne offer to a blend?

A

Broader, oily texture and marzipan character

242
Q

What does Roussanne offer to a blend?

A

Acidity and waxy minerality

243
Q

How large is Condrieu?

A

Less than 200 delimited ha

244
Q

Clairette de Die made in the methode dioise ancestrale must be 75% of what grape?

A

Muscat a Petit Grains

245
Q

Clairette de Die made in the methode ancestrale has a minimum RS of ___?

A

35 g/l

246
Q

Clairette de Die made in the methode traditionelle has a maximum RS of ___?

A

15 g/l

247
Q

What are the grapes of Chatillon en Diois?

A

Gamay, Aligote, Chardonnay

248
Q

What does Grenache offer to a blend?

A

Body, sweet fruit and warmth

249
Q

What do Mourvedre and Syrah offer to a blend?

A

Structure and depth of color

250
Q

What does Cinsault offer to a blend?

A

Finesse and freshness

251
Q

Describe the climatic factors of the Southern Rhone.

A

The mistral blows (fiercely) across the southern valley; Hot summers are tempered by significant diurnal swings; Mild winters follow usually heavy autumnal rains.

252
Q

What are the primary soils of Southern Rhone?

A

Alluvial soils (sand, gravel, clay based) over a limestone subsoil

253
Q

What is the required minimum ABV for CNDP?

A

12.5% (This is the highest in all of France)

254
Q

What do AOP regulations of CNDP mandate to safeguard against under ripeness?

A

Producers must declassify or discard at least 2% of harvested grapes (le rape)

255
Q

Name the five promoted CdR villages

A

Rasteau, Gigondas, Vaqueyras, Beaumes de Venise, Vinsobres

256
Q

Name 5 of the communes that can append their name to CdR Villages

A

Cairanne, Gadagne, Laudun, Roaix, Sablet, Valreas, Visan

257
Q

What are the soils of Gigondas?

A

Red clay, alluvial

258
Q

Gigondas, Vacqueyras, Beaumes de Venise and Vinsorbes all have a minimum ABV of ___%

A

12.5%

259
Q

What is the only communal appellation exclusively for rose wines in France?

A

Tavel AOP

260
Q

What are the wines of Tavel based on?

A

Grenache

261
Q

Name the 2 appellations of Southern Rhone for vin doux naturel

A

Rasteau and Muscat de Beaumes de Venise

262
Q

Name 2 communes of Rasteau

A

Cairanne and Sablet

263
Q

Describe the difference in wines from Rasteau and Muscat Beaumes de Venise

A

Muscat BDV is typically fresher and more aromatic whereas Rasteau wines show more tawny flavors

264
Q

A label from Rasteau reads “ambre”. What does this indicate?

A

A white VDN wine displaying more oxidative character and subject to at least 3 years of aging prior to release.

265
Q

A label from Rasteau reads “tuile”. What does this indicate?

A

A red VDN wine displaying more oxidative character and subject to at least 3 years of aging prior to release.

266
Q

A label from Rasteau reads “blanc”. What does this indicate?

A

A white VDN wine that is fresher in nature

267
Q

A label from Rasteau reads “grenat”. What does this indicate?

A

A red VDN wine that is fresher in nature

268
Q

A label from Rasteau reads “Hors d’age”. What does this indicate?

A

a VDN wine that has been matured for at least 5 years prior to release

269
Q

A label from Rasteau reads “rancio”. What does this indicate?

A

A VDN wine that has been deliberately made in an oxidative and maderized style and the wine has been left in open barrels, exposed to the sun and high temperatures

270
Q

What is the northernmost appellation of Southern Rhone?

A

Grignan les Adhemar

271
Q

Where is Ventoux AOP?

A

Southern Rhone

272
Q

Where is Luberon AOP?

A

Southern Rhone

273
Q

Where is Cotes du Vivarais AOP?

A

Southern Rhone

274
Q

Where is Pierrevert AOP?

A

Southern Rhone, North of Provence

275
Q

What Southern Rhone appellation was formerly considered part of the Lanuedoc? When did the transfer take place?

A

Costieres de Nimes in 2004

276
Q

What style of wine and from what grape is Clairette de Bellegarde?

A

Dry whites from Clairette

277
Q

Name the newest appellation in Southern Rhone. When was it added?

A

Duche d’Uzes in 2013

278
Q

Where are most of the quality apps of Langeudoc located?

A

They are clustered on the western side

279
Q

2 sections of Fitou AOP. What AOP are they within?

A

Fitou Maritime & Fitou Montagneux; Corbières

280
Q

When was Minevois La Liviniere created? For what wine style?

A

1999 for red wines.

281
Q

2 subzones of St Chinian

A

Berlou and Roquebrun

282
Q

Limoux AOP wine styles and grapes

A

Reds merlot based. Whites from chard, Chenin blanc, & mauzac

283
Q

Cremant de Limoux AOP

A

Max 20% mauzac/ Pinot noir with chard and Chenin blanc

284
Q

Banyuls Grand Cru AOP

A

Min 75% Grenache and aged 30 months in barrel

285
Q

Unfortified red, white, and roses wines from Banyuls are labeled as:

A

Collioure AOP

286
Q

Sub appelations of Gres de Montpellier in Languedoc

A

St Christol, St Drézéry, St Georges d’Orques, La Méjanelle

287
Q

5 subzones of Languedoc

A

Pezanas, Gres de Montpellier, La Clape, Pic St Loup, & Cabrières

288
Q

Where is St. Christol?

A

Sub-appellation of Gres de Montpellier in Languedoc

289
Q

Where is St. Drézéry?

A

Sub-appellation of Gres de Montpellier in Languedoc

290
Q

Where is St. Georges d’Orques?

A

Sub-appellation of Gres de Montpellier in Languedoc

291
Q

Where is La Méjanelle?

A

Sub-appellation of Gres de Montpellier in Languedoc

292
Q

Where is Cabardes?

A

Languedoc

293
Q

Where is Corbieres?

A

Languedoc

294
Q

Where is Corbieres-Boutenac?

A

Languedoc

295
Q

Where is Faugeres?

A

Languedoc

296
Q

Where is Fitou?

A

Languedoc

297
Q

Where is Limoux?

A

Languedoc

298
Q

Where is Malepere?

A

Languedoc

299
Q

Where is Minervois?

A

Languedoc

300
Q

Where is Picpoul de Pinet?

A

Languedoc

301
Q

Where is Saint-Chinian?

A

Languedoc

302
Q

Where is Terrasses du Larzac?

A

Languedoc

303
Q

Where is Palette?

A

Provence

304
Q

Where is Cassis?

A

Provence

305
Q

Where is Bandol?

A

Provence

306
Q

Where is Bellet/ Vin de Bellet?

A

Provence

307
Q

Where is Collioure?

A

Roussillon

308
Q

Where is Rivesaltes?

A

Roussillon

309
Q

Where is Muscat de Rivesaltes?

A

Roussillon

310
Q

Where is Banyuls?

A

Roussillon

311
Q

Where is Maury?

A

Roussillon

312
Q

Where is Cote-Rotie?

A

Northern Rhone Valley

313
Q

Where is Condrieu?

A

Northern Rhone Valley

314
Q

Where is Chateau Grillet?

A

Northern Rhone Valley

315
Q

Where is Saint Joseph?

A

Northern Rhone Valley

316
Q

Where is Crozes-Hermitage?

A

Northern Rhone Valley

317
Q

Where is Hermitage?

A

Northern Rhone Valley

318
Q

Where is Cornas?

A

Northern Rhone Valley

319
Q

Where is Saint Peray?

A

Northern Rhone Valley

320
Q

Where is Chatillon en Diois?

A

Northern Rhone Valley

321
Q

Where is Clairette de Die?

A

Northern Rhone Valley

322
Q

Where is Coteaux de Die?

A

Northern Rhone Valley

323
Q

Where is Cremant de Die?

A

Northern Rhone Valley

324
Q

Where is Grignan-les-Adhemar?

A

Southern Rhone Valley

325
Q

Where is Cotes du Vivarais?

A

Southern Rhone Valley

326
Q

Where is Chateauneuf-du-Pape?

A

Southern Rhone Valley

327
Q

Where is Duche d’Uzes?

A

Southern Rhone Valley

328
Q

Where is Gigondas?

A

Southern Rhone Valley

329
Q

Where is Vacqueras?

A

Southern Rhone Valley

330
Q

Where is Vinsobres?

A

Southern Rhone Valley

331
Q

Where is Beaumes-de-Venise?

A

Southern Rhone Valley

332
Q

Where is Rasteau?

A

Southern Rhone Valley

333
Q

Where is Lirac?

A

Southern Rhone Valley

334
Q

Where is Tavel?

A

Southern Rhone Valley

335
Q

Where is Costieres de Nimes?

A

Southern Rhone Valley

336
Q

Where is Clairette de Bellegarde?

A

Southern Rhone Valley

337
Q

Where is Luberon?

A

Southern Rhone Valley

338
Q

Where is Ventoux?

A

Southern Rhone Valley

339
Q

Where is Patrimonio?

A

Corsica

340
Q

Where is Ajaccio?

A

Corsica

341
Q

Where is Bearn?

A

Southwest France

342
Q

Where is Bergerac?

A

Southwest France

343
Q

Where is Brulhois?

A

Southwest France

344
Q

Where is Buzet?

A

Southwest France

345
Q

Where is Cahors?

A

Southwest France

346
Q

Where is Coteaux du Quercy?

A

Southwest France

347
Q

Where is Cotes de Montravel?

A

Southwest France

348
Q

Where is Cotes du Marmandais?

A

Southwest France

349
Q

Where is Cotes de Millau?

A

Southwest France

350
Q

Where is Entraygues-Le Fel?

A

Southwest France

351
Q

Where is Estaing?

A

Southwest France

352
Q

Where is Floc de Gascogne?

A

Southwest France

353
Q

Where is Fronton?

A

Southwest France

354
Q

Where is Gaillac?

A

Southwest France

355
Q

Where is Irouleguy?

A

Southwest France

356
Q

Where is Juracon?

A

Southwest France

357
Q

Where is Madiran?

A

Southwest France

358
Q

Where is Marcillac?

A

Southwest France

359
Q

Where is Monbazillac?

A

Southwest France

360
Q

Where is Montravel?

A

Southwest France

361
Q

Where is Pachernec du Vic-Bilh?

A

Southwest France

362
Q

Where is Rosette?

A

Southwest France

363
Q

Where is Saint Mont?

A

Southwest France

364
Q

Where is Saint-Sardos?

A

Southwest France

365
Q

Where is Saussignac?

A

Southwest France

366
Q

Where is Tursan?

A

Southwest France

Advanced Somm (25 decks)

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