Social Influence: Minority Influence & Social Change - MR Flashcards

1
Q

Here is the first mark point for a definition of minority influence ‘minority influence is a form of social influence where members of the majority group change their beliefs or behaviours because of the minority influencing their decision, this usually leads to internalisation’.

What is the second mark point to complete the definition?

A

The minority must be consistent, show commitment and be flexible in their views/beliefs.

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2
Q

Which minority influence key term is being described? “Members of the minority should not be too dogmatic and rigid, they should adapt their point of view and accept reasonable counterarguments”

A

Flexibility

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3
Q

What key term is being described here: The minority keep repeating the same beliefs to the majority both over time and between all individuals that form the minority group.

A

Consistency

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4
Q

Describe Moscovici’s sample.

A

172 female ppts

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5
Q

In Moscovici’s research, what % of the majority changed their mind when the minority inconsistently called the blue slides ‘green’?

A

1%

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6
Q

In Moscovici’s study what % of the majority changed their mind to be in line with the minority when the minority were consistent and committed?

A

8%

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7
Q

What must the minority do to show commitment?

A

Show dedication and make personal sacrifices.

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8
Q

What methodology did Moscovici use to investigate minority influence?

A

Lab experiment

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9
Q

Which aspects of minority influence did Moscovici study?

A

Consistency and commitment.

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10
Q

Give one weakness of Moscovici’s research into consistency and commitment.

A

It lacks mundane realism.

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11
Q

Why does Moscovici’s research lack mundane realism?

A

Unrealistic task of stating the colour of a slide.

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12
Q

Nemeth and Brillmayer (1987) created a mock jury situation and found that when a confederate put forward an alternative point of view and refused to compromise did not influence the majority. However, the a confederate who compromised did have an influence on the rest of the group.

Does this support or contradict minority influence?

Which aspect does this research support or contradict?

A

Support
Flexibility

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13
Q

What is the real life evidence/example that supports minority influence?

A

The suffragette movement.

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14
Q

How did the suffragettes show commitment?

A

They showed dedication by going on hunger strike.

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15
Q

How did the suffragettes show commitment?

A

They showed dedication by going on hunger strike.

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16
Q

The suffragettes accepted that women should have a voting age of 30 when men were able to vote from 21. What aspect of minority influence is this an example of?

A

Flexibility.

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17
Q

Why is the lack of mundane realism in Moscovici’s study a weakness?

A

It is difficult to generalise the findings to real situations of minority influence where outcomes are more important.

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18
Q

What does minority influence usually lead to?

A

Internalisation.

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19
Q

What type of consistency is being described here?
“when the minority keep repeating the same beliefs to the majority over time”

A

Diachronic synchrony

20
Q

What type of consistency is being described here?
“when all individuals within the minority group are consistent with their beliefs”

A

Synchronic consistency

21
Q

Why does the minority showing commitment have an influence on the majority?

A

It makes them pay attention.

22
Q

When the majority group pays more attention to the minority group because of the commitment they have shown what is this known as?

A

The augmentation principle

23
Q

Dedication, personal sacrifices and extreme activities to draw attention to the minority views are all part of what aspect of minority influence?

A

Commitment

24
Q

Accepting reasonable counterarguments and adapting their point of view is part of what aspect of minority influence?

A

Flexibility

25
Q

What is the key term for when the majority start to listen to the minority and this builds momentum with more and more people moving over to the minority viewpoint?

A

Snowball effect.

26
Q

What were the two conditions in Moscovivi’s research?

A

Condition 1 - minority group were inconsistent that the blue slides were green
Condition 2 - minority group were consistent that the blue slides were green

27
Q

Define social change (1st mark point only)

A

Social change refers to a change in attitudes, behaviours or laws. These a large scale changes where societies norms change.

28
Q

Give an example of social change.

A

The suffragette movement campaign for women’s right to vote.

29
Q

When the minority idea gathers momentum and eventually becomes the majority idea what is this known as?

A

The snowball effect.

30
Q

What is the key term for when the majority change their beliefs (publically and privately) to be in line with the minority beliefs?

A

Internalisation.

31
Q

In the role of social influence processes in social change, which social influence part of the process comes after internalisation and before social crypto-amensia?

A

Snowball effect

32
Q

In the role of social influence processes in social change, which social influence part of the process comes after the snowball effect and before social change?

A

Social crypto amnesia.

33
Q

What three things START the process of social change?

A

Consistency, commitment and flexibility.

34
Q

What key term is being described “when the majority remembers the minority idea but forgets that the idea came from the minority group. The two become separated”

A

Social crypto-amenesia.

35
Q

When social change occurs, what three things change in society?

A

Attitudes, behaviours and laws.

36
Q

What is meant by social crypto-amnesia?

A

When the majority remember the minority idea but not that it came from the minority group, the two have become separated.

37
Q

How might NSI be used to bring about social change?

A

By providing information about what a group are doing, using normative messages.

38
Q

Give an example of a normative message used in a litter campaign.

A

Bin-it, others do.

39
Q

Why does NSI lead to social change?

A

People conform to the minority idea to be liked. As the message becomes heard by the majority more and more people conform leading to social change.

40
Q

In Nolan’s et al’s research they hung messages on the front doors of houses in California. One group had a ‘normative message’ telling residents that most residents in the area were trying to reduce their energy use. The control group just had a message about saving energy.

Which condition had a significant decrease in energy use?
Does this research support or contradict NSI and social change?

A

The normative message condition.
Research to support.

41
Q

Did Foxcroft (2015) find that normative social influence had an effect on alcohol consumption in students? What does this suggest about NSI and social change?

A

No.
NSI does not always lead to social change.

42
Q

What is the real life evidence to support the role of minority influence in social change?

A

The suffragette movement.

43
Q

Who provides research to support for the role of minority influence in social change?

A

Moscovici

44
Q

What did Foxcroft find about the effect of NSI on alcohol consumption in students? What DID NSI affect and what did NSI NOT have an effect on in relation to students drinking?

A

Did affect quantity (how much students drank)
Did not affect frequency (how often students drank)

45
Q

How do we know social change has happened?

A

Society’s attitudes, behaviours and laws change.

46
Q

Name all three behaviours that enable a minority to influence a majority.

A

Consistency
Commitment
Flexibiity