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OCN Review > Definitions > Flashcards

Definitions Flashcards

1
Q

Hyperplasia

A

Normal cells multiply faster and build up

Not cancer

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2
Q

Tumor suppressor genes

A

Control cell growth

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3
Q

Carcinoma In situ

A

Stage 0 cancer
Cells do not invade nearby tissue so not technically cancer

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4
Q

Oncogenes

A

Can’t be turned off
When protooncogenes are altered, they become oncogenes

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5
Q

Dysplasia

A

Build up of extra cells, but look abnormal

Ex: abnormal mole

Not cancer

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6
Q

Innate immune response

A

Naturallly, phagocytes release inflammatory mediators (monocytes, macrophages, neutrophils) and NK cells

Nonspecific

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7
Q

Acquired immune response

A

Secondary line of defense
Antigen specific
Lymphocytes, B&T cells

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8
Q

Humoral mediated

A

Aka antibody mediated
Plasma cells or transformed B lymphocytes secrete antibodies, which bind to antigen to destroy

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9
Q

Cell-mediated

A

T lymphocytes either induce cell death that express antigens or activate cells used in innate process

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10
Q

Hematopoiesis

A

Pluripotent stem cell differentiates itself into peripheral blood cell lines

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11
Q

Myeloid cells

A

RBCs, platelets, WBCs
Wbcs-> granulocytes (B,E, neutrophils)
Agranulocytes (T, B, monocytes)

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12
Q

Lymphoid

A

Specific WBC called lymphocyte (T, B, NK)

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13
Q

B cells

A

Secrete antibodies in response to antigens

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14
Q

T cells

A

Kill infected cells and communicate

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15
Q

Immunoglobulins

A

B cell antibodies

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16
Q

Cytokines

A

Proteins created by WBCs
Mediate cellular responses (anti-inflam or pro-inflam)
Ex: interleukins, interferons, tumor necrosis factors, colony-stimulating factors

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17
Q

Neoadjuvant

A

Before surgery

18
Q

Adjuvant

A

After surgery

19
Q

Pack-years

A

of packs smoked x # of years

20
Q

Ipsilateral

A

Same side

21
Q

Chloromas

A

Leukemia cells infiltrate and accumulate in other organs; most often acute leukemia and can occur in CNS, testes, eyes, skin

22
Q

What is the study of health-related states or events and the application of preventing and controlling disease in human populations?

A

Epidemiology

23
Q

What level of prevention is preventing the onset of disease before any evidence of disease?

A

Primary

24
Q

What level of prevention is detecting disease in its earliest stages, before symptoms appear and intervening to stop or skip its progression?

A

Secondary

25
Q

What level of prevention is interventions to arrest the progress of an established disease and to control its negative consequences, to reduces disability or handicap, and/or to minimize the consequences?

A

Tertiary

26
Q

Incidence rate

A

of new cases in a fixed time period divided by the # of people at risk

27
Q

Prevalence

A

of existing cases of a disease at a given time divided by the total population at risk at a given time

28
Q

Autologous stem cell transplant

A

Source = self

29
Q

Allogenic stem cell transplant

A

Source is human leukocytic antigen (HLA)- match donor
Matched sibling or unrelated donor
Mismatched related (haploidentical)

30
Q

Syngenic stem cell transplant

A

Identical twin
Rarely used because of high relapse rates

31
Q

Chimerism

A

Only donor cells present (indicates successful engraftment)

32
Q

Complementary medicine

A

Non-mainstream therapy combined with conventional medicine

33
Q

Alternative medicine

A

Non-mainstream therapy used instead of conventional medicine

34
Q

Grade 1 CTCAE

A

Mild, asymptomatic

35
Q

Grade 2 CTCAE

A

Moderate, local or noninvasive intervention indicated

36
Q

Grade 3 CTCAE

A

Severe, hospitalization indicated, limiting self care ADL

37
Q

Grade 4 CTCAE

A

Life-threatening, urgent intervention needed

38
Q

Grade 5 CTCAE

A

Death

39
Q

ANC

A

of mature WBCs in peripheral circulation

40
Q

Neutropenic

A

ANC<500 or <1000 with expected decline to <500 over next 48hrs

%neutrophils (bands + segments) x WBC

41
Q

Emetogenic potential

A

%of patients experiencing one or more episodes within 24hrs of drug without antiemetics

42
Q

What is nociceptive pain?

A

Sharp, aching, throbbing, stabbing
Result of activation of pain fibers in deep & cutaneous tissue

Somatic: bone, joint, connective tissue
Visceral: thoracic or abdominal tissue or surrounding organs

OCN Review (8 decks)

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