Situational Awareness

Question 1

What’s situational awareness?

Answer 1

Perceives and comprehends all of the relevant information available and anticipates what cout happen that may affect the operation.

Question 2

What are the 100 KSA behavioural indicators of situational awareness?

Answer 2

Identifies and assesses accurately the general environment as it may affect the operation
Identifies and manages threats, errors, and undersirable aircraft states

Question 3

What are the additional ICAO behavioural indicators?

Answer 3

Identifies and assesses accurately:
- state of aircraft and its systems
- aircraft’s vertical and lateral position, and its anticipated flight path

Keeps track of time and fuel
Maintains awareness of the people involved in or affected by the operation and their capacity to perform as expected
Anticipates accurately what could happen, plans and stays agead of the situation
Develops effective contingency plans based upon potential threats
Identifies and manages threats to indications of reduced SA

Question 4

How does a Threat and Error management inverted pyramid look like?

Answer 4

Normal Operations
Threats
Prevention_ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _
(resist)
Errors
_ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ Recovery
(resolve)
UAS
Consequence

Question 5

What are the two acronyms typically used in identifying and assessing accurately the State of the Aircraft and its Systems?

Answer 5

FREDA

Fuel
Engine
Direction Indicator
Altimeter

FEEL

Fuel
Electrics
Engine
Location

Question 6

Can you give me an example of how a pilot could anticipate accurately what could happen, planning and staying ahead of the situation?

Answer 6

Devising a game where the crew acts as a pilot on different points of the approach, and then applying last minute changes in clearances.

Question 7

What’s a causality of mental overload?

Answer 7

Loss of situational awareness

Question 8

What are the symtoms of lossing Situational Awareness? (SA)

Answer 8

Concentration on one task at the expense of others
Apparently not hearin RT and/or other communications
Irritability
Confusion

Question 9

What can you do when you detect SA?

Answer 9

Reducing workload if possible by:
- Off-loading tasks to another person
- Prioritising