Cell Structure

Question 1

Outer boundary of cell, Gatekeeper of cell = selective on allowing things in, consist; Phosophlipid bilayer, Proteins, Cholesterol, etc)

Answer 1

Plasma membrane

Question 2

Area in which water, dissolved materials & smaller cellular organelles reside

Answer 2

Cytoplasm

Question 3

Consist of Hydrophilic phosphate group attached to Hydrophobic lipid groups, Cholesterol molecules for stability/fluidity of the membrane

Answer 3

Phospholipid bilayer

Question 4

Proteins reside on inner or outer surf. of membrane

Answer 4

Peripheral protein

Question 5

Proteins pass into the membrane (serve as cell marker)

Answer 5

Transmembrane protein

Question 6

Func. is to convert stored chemical NRG in food molecules to stored chemical NRG in ATP

Answer 6

Mitochondria

Question 7

Smallest organelles, are non-membranous, produce proteins

Answer 7

Ribosomes

Question 8

Produce proteins for transport & use outside cell, & make lipids, phospholipids & steroids of plasma membrane

Answer 8

Rough endoplasmic reticulum (RER)

Question 9

Farther away extension of the RER, produces lipid compounds & detoxify materials

Answer 9

Smooth endoplasmic reticulum (SER)

Question 10

Receives material from Endoplasmic reticulum & parts of Cytoplasm, serves as an assembly & packaging organelle, has cisterns

Answer 10

Golgi complex

Question 11

2 major funcs.; 1. housing genetic info of cell, 2. direct many cellular funcs.

Answer 11

Nucleus

Question 12

Formed by DNA combined w/proteins in Nucleus

Answer 12

Chromatin

Question 13

Bounds a Nucleus, is a double membrane, contain Nuclear pores allowing materials movement into or out Nucleus

Answer 13

Nuclear envelope

Question 14

(sing. nucleolus) 1+ structs. inside Nuclules, comnsist of parts of chromos. & contain DNA & protein, make rRNA

Answer 14

Nucleoli

Question 15

Membrane-bounded sacs inside cell that digest subcellular material, transport material out of cell, & carry on enzymatic activities (transfer material from 1 organelle to another)

Answer 15

Vesicles

Question 16

Specialized vesicle; filled w/digestive enzymes, engulf foreign particles, release digestive enzymes that hydrolyze (break down) foreign particles, remove damaged/old cells

Answer 16

Lysosomes

Question 17

Specialized vesicle; enzyme peroxidase converts hydrogen to water & oxygen

Answer 17

Peroxisomes

Question 18

Have an extension on their surf. of plasma membrane, inc. surf. area of cell, have sensory func.

Answer 18

Microvilli

Question 19

Shorter than Flagella (have extension on their surf. of plasma membrane, consist of microtubules covered by plasma membrane)

Answer 19

Cilia

Question 20

Have additional cytoskeletal filaments (extend from body of cell, consist of microtubules covered by plasma membrane)

Answer 20

Flagella

Question 21

Supports cells, anchors cells, sep. tissues from 1 another, regulate communication between cells & assist in wound healing, consist; fibers, binding proteins, ground substance

Answer 21

Extracellular matrix (ECM)