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A-Level Geography > 1 Coastal Systems > Flashcards

1 Coastal Systems Flashcards

1
Q

Define the coast

A

The narrow zone where the sea and land overlap (an interface zone)
Interaction of terrestrial, atmospheric and marine processes and human intervention

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2
Q

Define a system

A

Set of inter-related components (stores) and processes (links) that are connected together to form a working unit or unified whole

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3
Q

Define input

A

Transfer of matter and/or energy from a neighbouring system

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4
Q

Define output

A

The loss of matter and/or energy to a neighbouring system

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5
Q

Define a store

A

Components (objects) within the system where energy and/or matter it stored, and which are connected by flows (processes)

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6
Q

Define a flow/transfer

A

The processes that link the stores within a systems

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7
Q

Define throughputs

A

The internal elements of a system (stores and flows)

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8
Q

Define an open system

A

Inputs/outputs of energy and matter across system boundaries

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9
Q

Define a closed system

A

A closed system with inputs and outputs of energy across the system boundaries but no input or outputs of matter

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10
Q

What are the terrestrial processes at the coast?

A

Geology
Rivers
Relief
Vegetation

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11
Q

What are the marine processes at the coast?

A

Waves
Storm surge
Tides
Current
Tsunamis
Sea level change

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12
Q

What are the atmospheric processes at the coast?

A

Change of atmospheric composition
Wind
Atmospheric pressure
Temperature

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13
Q

What are the human intervention processes at the coast?

A

Tourism
Trade
Fishing
Water Pollution
Transport
Coastal management
Leisure
Sand Extraction

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14
Q

Draw an open system

A

Energy input –> STORE Energy output
^ Transfer
Matter input –> STORE Matter output

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15
Q

Draw a closed system

A

Energy input –> STORE Energy output
^ Transfer
STORE

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16
Q

Draw an isolated system

A

STORE
^ Transfer
STORE

17
Q

Define an isolated system

A

No inputs or outputs of energy or matter across the system boundaries

18
Q

Define geomorphic

A

The shape of the land

19
Q

Define dynamic equilibrium

A

When inputs and outputs are balanced

20
Q

Define negative feedback

A

Changes are met with responses that redress the imbalance and lead the system back towards its original state (equilibrium)

21
Q

Define positive feedback

A

A change occurs that causes the system to travel further from its original state, which in turn causes the change to occur more intensely, and so on

22
Q

Define sediment cell

A

A stretch of coastline where the sediment staying in the closed system
11 around England and Wales
Boundaries of sediment cells are determined by the topography and shape of the coastline - large physical features act as huge natural barriers that prevent the transfer of sediment to adjacent cells

23
Q

How do sediment cells affect coastal management?

A

Have important implications for coastal management
Activities will have a knock-on impact on other locations in the cell

24
Q

What is surplus?

A

Input > Output

25
Q

What is deficit?

A

Inputs < Outputs

26
Q

What is equilibrium?

A

Inputs = Outputs

27
Q

What is the energy available to a coast system?

A

Thermal, kinetic or potential

28
Q

What are examples of inputs?

A

Kinetic energy from wind and waves, thermal energy from the heat of the Sun and potential energy from the position of material on slopes; material from marine deposition, weathering and mass movement from cliffs

29
Q

What are examples of outputs?

A

Marine and wind erosion from beaches and rock surfaces; evaporation

30
Q

What are examples of throughputs?

A

Stores, including beach and nearshore sediment accumulations; and flows (transfers), such as the movement of sediment along a beach by longshore drift

31
Q

Why can a sediment cell be regarded as a closed system and a open system?

A

Closed system:
No sediment is transferred from one cell
Large physical features act as huge natural barriers that prevent the transfer of sediment to adjacent cells

Open system:
Variations in wind direction and tidal currents some sediment is transferred

A-Level Geography (10 decks)

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