1.1

Question 1

themes of life

Answer 1

structure determines function
evolution
information

Question 2

independent variable

Answer 2

factor manipulated or changed by the researchers

Question 3

dependent variable

Answer 3

factor that the researchers are measuring in relationship to independent variable

Question 4

control group

Answer 4

the standard group that is used to compare to the experimental group and is not exposed to the independent variable

Question 5

experimental group

Answer 5

group that is exposed to the independent variable

Question 6

regression line

Answer 6

can be expressed as a mathematical equation and allows you to predict the value of the dependent variable for any value of the independent variable within the range of the data set and, less commonly, beyond the range of the data - Is ALWAYS a straight line that best fits the data

Question 7

histogram

Answer 7

a diagram consisting of rectangles whose area is proportional to the frequency of a variable and whose width is equal to the class interval.

when to use…
The data are numerical.
You want to see the shape of the data’s distribution, especially when determining whether the output of a process is distributed approximately normally.
Analyzing whether a process can meet the customer’s requirements.

Question 8

negative control group

Answer 8

is not exposed to any experimental treatment or any other treatment that will have an affect

Question 9

positive control group

Answer 9

is not exposed to experimental treatment but is exposed to some other treatment that is known to produce the expected effect

Question 10

line graph

Answer 10

a graph in which points representing values of a variable for suitable values of an independent variable are connected by a broken line.

Line graphs are used to track changes over short and long periods of time. When smaller changes exist, line graphs are better to use than bar graphs. Line graphs can also be used to compare changes over the same period of time for more than one group.

Question 11

bar graph

Answer 11

which each column (plotted either vertically or horizontally) represents a categorical variable

Bar charts should be used when you are showing segments of information. Vertical bar charts are useful to compare different categorical or discrete variables, such as age groups, classes, schools, etc., as long as there are not too many categories to compare. They are also very useful for time series data.