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NCM 114 Prelim > N3B VAB > Flashcards

N3B VAB Flashcards

1
Q

graduate and spontaneous changes that occurs in maturation from infant to young adult

A

aging

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2
Q

a process by which a cell lows its ability to grow, divide and function this function ends in death oxidative stress, oncogenic signaling, chemo drugs, or other disease condition could lead to aging accumulation of senescent cells can lead to aging

A

SENESCENCE

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3
Q

number of years a person is expected to live; based on an estimate average age that a member of a population when they die Some Factors Influencing Your Life Expectancy
Heredity
Disease processes
Medical treatment
Lifestyle choices
Nutrition

A

LIFE EXPECTANCY

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4
Q

All aging begins with genetics
Aging changes the biochemical and physiological processes in the body
Cell and molecular biologists examine and propose theories to explain the aging process
- What causes aging”
- How can you influence aging….prolong life?

A

THEORIES OF AGING

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5
Q

specific to guide nursing care of selected population on a given setting consider a comprehensive plan and individual differences of individual
holistic approach: cognitive, psychological, spiritual and physical.

A

GOOD THEORY

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6
Q

3 MAJOR THEORIES OF AGING

A

I. PSYCHO-SOCIAL THEORIES
II. Biological Theories
III. Nursing Theories of Aging

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7
Q

Psychosocial Theories

A

Sociological
Psychological

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8
Q

Activity
Subculture
Age stratification
Disengagement
Continuity
Person- environment fit
Gerotranscendence

A

Sociological

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9
Q

Human needs
Individualism
Stages of personality development
Life-course/lifespan dev’t
Selective optimization with compensation

A

Psychological

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10
Q

changing roles, relationships, status, and generational cohort impact the older adult’s ability to adapt
relate to the environment influences that contribute and affect aging people

A

Sociological Theories

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11
Q

remaining occupied and involved is necessary to a satisfying late-life
retired older adults remain active
importance of ongoing activities
familial, recreational, volunteering and community roles can be maintained after retirement

A

Activity

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12
Q

gradual withdrawal from society and relationships serves to maintain social equilibrium and promote internal reflection

A

Disengagement

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13
Q

gradual withdrawal from society and relationships serves to maintain social equilibrium and promote internal reflection

A

Disengagement

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14
Q

elderly prefer to segregate from society in a subculture sharing loss of status and societal negativity regarding the age
health and mobility are key determinants of social status

A

Subculture

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15
Q

personality influences roles and life satisfaction and remains consistent throughout life.
past coping patterns recur as older adults adjust to physical, financial and social decline
and contemplate death.
identify with age grp; finding a residence = limitations; learning new postretirement roles

A

Continuity

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16
Q

function is affected by ego, strength, mobility, health, cognition, sensory perception, and the environment

A

Person-Environment Fit

17
Q

basis of acquiring resources, roles, status, and difference from others
age cohorts our influence by their historical context and share similar experiences, beliefs, attitudes and expectations of life course transition
preserve and maintain a person’s well-being

A

Age Stratification

18
Q

transformation from a materialistic rational perspective towards oneness with the universe
outward focus, accepting death, substantive relationships, intergenerational connectedness

A

Gerotranscendence

19
Q

explains aging in terms of mental processes, emotions, attitudes, motivation and personality
development that is characterized by life stage transitions.

A

PSYCHOLOGICAL THEORIES

20
Q

Maslow’s Hierarchy of Needs: physiological, safety, love/belongingness, self-esteem, self- actualization
failure to grow lead to feeling of failure, life is meaningless

A

Human Needs

21
Q

traits of individualistic cultures: uniqueness,
independence, self-sufficiency, and autonomy
adults search for life meaning
adapt to functional and social losses

A

Individualism

22
Q

characterized by evaluation life accomplishments; struggles include letting go, accepting care, detachment, and physical and mental decline

A

Integrity vs Despair

23
Q

Life Stages: young & single, just married, proud parents, and planning for retirement

A

Life Course/ Lifespan Development

24
Q

individuals cope with aging losses through activity/role selection, optimization, and compensation.
critical life points are morbidity, mortality, and
quality of life.

A

Selective Optimization with Compensation

25
Q

2 BIOLOGICAL THEORIES OF AGING

A

Stochastic
− Free radical theory
− Orgel/Error theory
− Wear and Tear theory
− Connective/Cross-link theory
Nonstochastic
− Programmed theory
− Gene/Biological clock theory
− Neuroendocrine theory
− Immunological theory

26
Q

based on random events that cause cellular damage that accumulates as the organism ages

A

Stochastic Theories

27
Q

Free radicals cause the cell damage. thus,
causing aging

A

Free Radical Theory (Denham Harmans
Theory)

28
Q

structure of DNA and RNA (error)
overtime, an error occurs in the DNA map and it begins to produce incorrect cells
deterioration

A

Orgel/Error Theory

29
Q

The human body is subject to degration due to the external environment
effects of aging are caused by damage to cells and systems
systems wear out due to aging

A

Wear and Tear Theory

30
Q

with aging, proteins impede metabolic processes and cause trouble with getting nutrients to cells and removing cellular waste products

A

Connective Tissue/Cross-link Theory

31
Q

based on genetically programmed events that cause cellular damage that accelerates aging of the organism

A

Nonstochastic Theories

32
Q

cells divide until they are no longer able to, and this triggers apoptosis or cell death.

A

Programmed Theory

33
Q

cells have a genetically programmed aging code

A

Gene/Biological Clock Theory

34
Q

problems with the hypothalamus, pituitary endocrine gland feedback system cause disease; increased insulin growth factor accelerates aging

A

Neuroendocrine Theory

35
Q

aging is due to faulty immunological function, which is linked to general well-being.

A

Immunological Theory

NCM 114 Prelim (4 decks)

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