7.3.1 / HANNA

Question 1

Atmosphere

Answer 1

An atmosphere is the layers of gases surrounding a planet or other celestial body. Earth’s atmosphere is composed of about 78% nitrogen, 21% oxygen, and one percent other gases.

Question 2

Altitude

Answer 2

Altitude, like elevation, is the distance above sea level. Areas are often considered “high-altitude” if they reach at least 2,400 meters (8,000 feet) into the atmosphere.

Question 3

Density

Answer 3

Density is the number of things—which could be people, animals, plants, or objects—in a certain area. To calculate density, you divide the number of objects by the measurement of the area. The population density of a country is the number of people in that country divided by the area in square kilometers or miles.

Question 4

Troposphere

Answer 4

the lowest region of the atmosphere, extending from the earth’s surface to a height of about 3.7–6.2 miles (6–10 km), which is the lower boundary of the stratosphere.

Question 5

Stratosphere

Answer 5

the layer of the earth’s atmosphere above the troposphere, extending to about 32 miles (50 km) above the earth’s surface (the lower boundary of the mesosphere)

Question 6

Mesosphere

Answer 6

the region of the earth’s atmosphere above the stratosphere and below the thermosphere, between about 30 and 50 miles (50 and 80 km) in altitude.

Question 7

Thermosphere

Answer 7

the region of the atmosphere above the mesosphere and below the height at which the atmosphere ceases to have the properties of a continuous medium. The thermosphere is characterized throughout by an increase in temperature with height.

Question 8

Exosphere

Answer 8

The outermost region of a planet’s atmosphere.

Question 9

Temperature

Answer 9

The degree or intensity of heat present in a substance or object, especially as expressed according to a comparative scale and shown by a thermometer or perceived by touch.

Question 10

Nitrogen

Answer 10

The chemical element of atomic number 7, a colorless, odorless unreactive gas that forms about 78 percent of the earth’s atmosphere. Liquid nitrogen (made by distilling liquid air) boils at 77.4 kelvins (−195.8°C) and is used as a coolant.

Question 11

Carbon Dioxide

Answer 11

The chemical element of atomic number 6, a nonmetal which has two main forms (diamond and graphite) and which also occurs in impure form in charcoal, soot, and coal.

Question 12

Oxygen

Answer 12

A colorless, odorless reactive gas, the chemical element of atomic number 8 and the life-supporting component of the air.

Question 13

Air Pressure

Answer 13

It is the force exerted on a surface by the air above it as gravity pulls it to Earth.

Question 14

Concentration

Answer 14

The action or power of focusing one’s attention or mental effort.

Question 15

Condition

Answer 15

The state of something with regard to its appearance, quality, or working order.

Question 16

Constant

Answer 16

Occurring continuously over a period of time.

Question 17

Continuous

Answer 17

Forming an unbroken whole; without interruption.

Question 18

Composition

Answer 18

The nature of something’s ingredients or constituents; the way in which a whole or mixture is made up.