isomerism Flashcards
what are the isomers from the stereoisomers called
one of these isomers is called the ‘E-isomer’ and the other is called the ‘z-isomer’
define the Z- isomer
on the same side
define the E-isomer
the E-isomer has the same groups positioned across the double bond
how do we use the EIZ system even when the groups are different
we can follow CIP piority rules bb
what are isomers
isomers are molecules that have the same molecular formula but whose atoms are arranged differently.
define a structural isomer
structural isomers are defined as having the same molecular formula but different structural formulae.
what are the three sub-divisions a structural isomer can have
called positional isomerism
functional group isomerism
chain isomerism
why do we have to use analytical methods to tell us about the structure of isomers
the existence of isomers makes the task of identifying an unknown organic compound more difficult.
this is because there may be a number of compounds with different structures that all have the same molecular formula.
define stereoisomerism
stereoisomerism is where two or more compounds have the same structural formula.
they differ in the arrangement of the bonds in space
what is the prefix or suffix for alkanes
ane
what is the prefix or suffix for branched alkynes
alkyl
what is the prefix or suffix for alkenes
draw its functional group structure
-ene
what is the prefix or suffix for halogenoalkanes
fluoro- / chloro- / bromo- / iodo-
what is the prefix or suffix for alcohols
-ol
what is the prefix or suffix for aldehydes
-al
what is the prefix or suffix for ketones
ones
carboxylic acids prefix or suffix
-oic acid
Esters prefix and suffix
alkyl-
-oate
prefix or suffix for amines
-amine
prefix or suffix for amides
-amide
prefix or suffix for cycloalkanes
cyclo-
-ane
