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Hematology > Lymphopoiesis & Plasma Cell Series > Flashcards

Lymphopoiesis & Plasma Cell Series Flashcards

1
Q

Pluripotent stem cell → lymphoid stem cell →

A
  1. → Pre B cell → B lymphoblast → B cell → Plasma Cell
  2. → Prothymocyte → T lymphoblast → T Cell
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2
Q

Primary lymphoid organs

A
  • Differentiate, Proliferate, mature
  • Antigen Independent
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3
Q

Secondary Lymphoid organs

A
  • communicate and interact with antigen presenting cells (APCs) in an active immune response
  • Antigen dependent
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4
Q

Primary lymphoid organs - list them

A

Bone Marrow ( B cells) + Thymus (T cells)

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5
Q

List the secondary lymphoid organs

A

lymph nodes

spleen

tonsils

Peyer’s Patches

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6
Q

Lymphocytic cells are

A

mobile - able to move freely between tissues and circulation

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7
Q

As the lymphocytic cell develops

A

Cell volume decreases

NC ratio decreases

Chromatin condenses

Nucleoli disappear

most standard maturation sequence

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8
Q

Lymphoblast

size

Nucleus

Cytoplasm

NC

A

size → 10-20 micro m

Nucleus → smudgy, smooth; 1-2 nucleoli

Cytoplasm → Intense staining at periphery , basophilic; clear

NC

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9
Q
A

Prolymphocyte

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10
Q

Prolymphocyte

size

Nucleus

Cytoplasm

NC

A

size → 9-18 micro m

Nucleus → chromatin is slightly coarse. Nucleoli → 0-1

Cytoplasm → Intense staining at periphery. scanty amount; basophilic clear blue

NC

BM

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11
Q
A

Mature lymphocyte

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12
Q

Mature lymphocyte

size

Nucleus

Cytoplasm

NC

A

size → 7-18 micro m

B / T cell → immunologic marker studies required

nucleus → round/indented. Chromatin is homogenous; ranges from compact to more transparent

Cytoplasm → light blue.

NC

BM

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13
Q

Variant lymphocyte

A

variations in shape and size

Not abnormal, just activated

Often form “ballerina skirts” around nearby RBCs

Stain darker at periphery

A azurophilic few countable granules may be present (countable)

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14
Q
A

lymphocyte

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15
Q
A

lymphocyte

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16
Q

T lymphocytes

A

cell mediated immunity

17
Q

T - helper cells (CD4) [T4]

A

Viral and fungal infection protection

Aid in B lymphocyte activation

18
Q

T - suppressor cells (CD8) [T8]

A

“brakes of immune system”

19
Q

normal CD4 /CD8 ratio is

A

2

20
Q

B lymphocytes

A

humoral immunity / antibody production (CD19-23)

Can be stimulated to become memory cells or proceed with the plasma cell series

21
Q

Plasma cell series

A
  • B cells are localized in the spleen or secondary lymphoid organs
  • Receive antigen stimulation from APC and can undergo plasma cell maturation
22
Q

Plasma cells are able to secrete __

A

antibodies - aka immunoglobins

IgA, IgD, IgE, IgG, IgM

last letter represents heavy chain

23
Q

B cell → plasma blast →

A

proplasmacyte → plasmacyte

24
Q

Plasma blast

size

Nucleus

Cytoplasm

NC

BM

A

size → 16-25 micro m

Nucleus → round and central. Chromatin; finely stippled, pale-red purple, nucleoli: 1-3

Cytoplasm → pale blue. possible perinuclear clear zone (golgi zone)

NC → 5:1 - 4:1

BM - not normally in blood circulation

25
Q
A

Proplasmacyte

26
Q

Proplasmacyte

size

Nucleus

Cytoplasm

NC

BM

A

size → 15-20 micro m

Nucleus → round/oval and eccentric. chromatin: increased granularity. Red/purple. Nucleoli: 0-1

Cytoplasm → moderate amount; more basophilic

NC → 4:1 - 3:1

27
Q
A

Plasmacyte/ mature plasma cell

28
Q

Plasmacyte / mature plasma cell

size

Nucleus

Cytoplasm

NC

BM

A

size → 10-20 micro m

Nucleus → round/oval and eccentric. Chromatin is dense with marginal clumps

Cytoplasm → more basophilic. Perinuclear clear zone (golgi zone) - Russel bodies containing Ab to secrete

NC: 1:1 - 1:2

Not normally in blood circulation

BM

29
Q
A

Plasmacyte

30
Q

Plasmacyte - end stage of B-lymphocyte lineage

Major function?

Can be seen increased in?

A

Major function → Immune globulin (Ab) production

Not found in peripheral blood smear

Can be seen increased in

  • Children
  • viral infection: exanthemas, herpes, viral hepatitis, infectious mono
  • allergic reactions
  • toxoplasmosis
  • multiple myeloma
  • plasma cell leukemia
31
Q
A

Mott Cell (plasmayte)

32
Q
A

Flame cell (plasma cell)

33
Q
A

osteoblast

34
Q

osteoblast - makes bone

size

Nucleus

Cytoplasm

Shape

Function

A

size → up to 30 micro m

Nucleus → small, round eccentric

Cytoplasm → ample

shape → can be comet or tadpole

Function → formation, calcification and maintenance of trabeculae and cancellous bone

Occur in clusters and aggregates → may be misinterpreted as malignant

Hematology (36 decks)

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