16 Generation of ATP

Question 1

How much energy (kcal/mol) is released per phosphoanhydride bond broken in ATP?

Answer 1

7.3 kcal/mol

Question 2

Intermediates in TCA cycle + enzyme + (NADH/FADH2/ATP)

Answer 2

Oxaloacetate (Acetyl CoA + citrate synthetase)
Citrate (Aconitase)
Isocitrate (Isocitrate dehydrogenase) (NADH)
Alpha-ketoglutarate (alpha-ketoglutarate) (NADH)
Succinyl CoA (succinate thiokinase) (ATP)
Succinate (succinate dehydrogenase) (FADH2)
Fumarate (fumarase)
Malate (malate dehydrogenase) (NADH)

Question 3

ATP yield from metabolism of one unit of glucose

Answer 3

30-32 ATP molecules

Question 4

How many complexes pump protons across the inner membrane in oxidative phosphorylation?

Answer 4

3

Question 5

Inhibitors of Complex I

Answer 5

Rotenone
Amytal

Question 6

Inhibitor of Complex III

Answer 6

Antimycin

Question 7

Inhibitor of Complex IV

Answer 7

Cyanide
Carbon monoxide

Question 8

What does cyanide bind to and what is its primary target?

Answer 8

Binds to iron in the heme of cytochrome
Central nervous system is the primary target

Question 9

Inhibitor of ATP synthase

Answer 9

Oligomycin

Question 10

How do uncoupling proteins affect oxidative phosphorylation?

Answer 10

uncoupling proteins are carrier proteins that create a proton leak -> allow protons to re-enter the mitochondrial matrix without energy being captured as ATP

Energy is released as heat -> hyperthermia

Question 11

Examples of synthetic uncoupler

Answer 11

2,4-dinitrophenol/DNP
aspirin