Vasovagal syncope

Question 1

Define vasovagal syncope.

Answer 1

Temporary loss of consciousness due to the sudden decline of blood flow the brain.

Question 2

Explain the aetiology/risk factors for vasovagal syncope.

Answer 2

When the vagus nerve is stimulated, it leads to a slowing of the heart rate and dilation of the body’s blood vessels. With a slow heart rate and dilated blood vessels, less blood gets to the brain, causing a fainting spell.

Can be familial.

Question 3

Summarise the epidemiology of vasovagal syncope.

Answer 3

Syncope accounts for 1 percent to 3 percent of emergency room visits and 6 percent of hospital admissions, according to the American Academy of Family Physicians.

Question 4

What are the signs and symptoms of vasovagal syncope?

Answer 4

Symptoms may vary. Some children experience “presyncope”, a feeling that they are about to faint. Others may have no presyncopal sensations.

Question 5

What are appropriate investigations for vasovagal syncope?

Answer 5

Consider blood tests

ECG

Tilt Table test

Echo

Question 6

What is the management for vasovagal syncope?

Answer 6

Educate child and parents.

Avoid situations that trigger episodes.

Question 7

What are complications associated with vasovagal syncope?

Answer 7

Usually harmless and requires no treatment.

Question 8

What is the prognosis of vasovagal syncope?

Answer 8

Benign prognosis.