Drugs Flashcards
what is salbutamol, how does it work and what is it used for
beta 2 adrenergic receptor agonist
adrenalin relaxes the bronchial smooth muscle
works quickly but effects only last an hour
used for asthma
example of an inhaled corticosteroid for asthma and how it works
beclometasone
reduces inflammation and reactivity of the pathways
used as prophylaxis
what is salmeterol and what is it used for
long acting beta 2 adrenergic receptor agonist
work the same as the short acting they just last longer
describe long acting muscarinic receptor agonists (with an example)
tiotropium
block acetylcholine receptors (monitored by parasympathetic nervous system)
take them to allow for bronchodilation
taken in asthma
What is theophylline
Used for asthma relief
Relaxes bronchial smooth and reduces inflammation
Has a narrow therapeutic range (toxic in excess)
Requires monitoring of bloods 5 days after starting treatment and 3 days after changing dose
What is maintenance and reliever therapy (MART)
Combination of inhaler containing low dose corticosteroid and a fast acting LABA (Long acting beta agonist)
Replaces all inhalers; used for prevention and rescue
Drugs which decrease serum potassium
(remember ALT)
Acetazolamide
loop diuretics
thiazide diuretics
Drugs which increase serum potassium
(remember AASPP)
ACE inhibitor
Angiotensin 2 receptor blockers
Spironalctone
Potassium sparing diuretics
potassium supplements (Sando-K)
Why does alcohol bingeing cause polyuria
can lead to ADH suppression in the posterior pituitary gland subsequently leading to polyuria
Metoclopramide
What is it
What is it used for
adverse effects
when it should be avoided
D2 receptor antagonist mainly used in management of nausea
other uses:
GORD
used in management of migraines
Adverse effects:
oculogyric crisis ( defined as spasmodic movements of the eyeballs into a fixed position, usually upwards)
Hyperprolactinaemia
tardive dyskinesia
Parkinsonism
Should be avoided in: bowel obstruction
