FLEET ENEMA

Question 1

is a solution introduced into the rectum and large intestine.

Answer 1

Enema

Question 2

The action of an enema is to distend the ___ and sometimes to irritate the _____, thereby increasing _____ and the excretion of feces and flatus.

Answer 2

intestine; intestinal mucosa; peristalsis

Question 3

Enema solution should be at ___ degrees Celsius because the solution that is too cold or too hot is uncomfortable and causes _____.

Answer 3

37.7 degrees Celsius; cramping

Question 4

PURPOSES OF ADMINISTERING ENEMA

PREVENT THE ESCAPE OF ___ DURING SURGERY

Answer 4

FECES

Question 5

PURPOSES OF ADMINISTERING ENEMA

PREPARE THE INTESTINE FOR CERTAIN ______ SUCH AS X-RAY OR VISUALIZATION TESTS (E.G. COLOSCOPY)

Answer 5

DIAGNOSTIC TESTS

Question 6

PURPOSES OF ADMINISTERING ENEMA

REMOVE FECES IN INTSANCES OF _____ OR ______.

Answer 6

CONSTIPATION OR IMPACTION

Question 7

Exert osmotic pressure, which draws fluid from the interstitial space into the colon. The increased volume in the colon stimulates peristalsis and hence defecation.

Answer 7

Hypertonic solutions

Question 8

A commonly used hypertonic enema is the commercially prepared _______.

Answer 8

Fleet phosphate enema

Question 9

Example tap water, exert a lower osmotic pressure than the surrounding interstitial fluid, causing water to move from the colon into the interstitial space. Before the water moves from the colon, it stimulates peristalsis and defecation. Because the water moves out of the colon, the tap water enema should not be repeated because of the danger of circulatory overload when the water moves from the interstitial space into the circulatory system.

Answer 9

Hypotonic solutions

Question 10

Such as physiologic (normal) saline, are considered the safest enema solutions to use. They exert the same osmotic pressure as the interstitial fluid surrounding the colon. Therefore, there is no fluid movement into or out of the colon. The instilled volume of saline in the colon stimulates peristalsis. Soapsuds enemas stimulate peristalsis by increasing the volume in the colon and irritating the mucosa. Only pure soap (i.e Castile soap) should be used in order to minimize mucosa irritation.

Answer 10

Isotonic solutions

Question 11

Positions in Administering Enemas: (3)

Answer 11

• Left Lateral Recumbent
• Dorsal-recumbent position
• Right Lateral recumbent

Question 12

is given primarily to expel flatus. The solution instilled into the rectum releases gas, which in turn distends the rectum and the colon, thus stimulating peristalsis. For an adult 60 to 80 ml of fluid is instilled.

Answer 12

Carminative enema

Question 13

introduces oil or medication into the rectum and sigmoid colon. The liquid is retained for a relatively long period (e.G. 1-3 hours). An oil retention enema acts to soften the feces and to lubricate the rectum and anal canal, thus facilitating passage of the feces

Answer 13

Retention enema

Question 14

are used to treat infections locally.

Answer 14

Antibiotic enemas

Question 15

to kill helminths such as worms and intestinal parasites

Answer 15

antihelmintic enemas

Question 16

to administer fluids and nutrients to the rectum

Answer 16

nutritive enemas

Question 17

is also called a harris flush, is occasionally used to expel flatus. Alternating flow of 100 to 200 ml of fluid into and out of the rectum and sigmoid colon stimulates peristalsis. This process is repeated five or six times until the flatus is expelled and abdominal distention is relieved.

Answer 17

Return-flow enema