Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM

Browse over 1 million classes created by top students, professors, publishers, and experts.


See full index

PARASITOLOGY > UNIT 5 > Flashcards

UNIT 5 Flashcards

1
Q

CONSTANT presence and/or USUAL prevalence of a disease or infectious agent

A

Endemic

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

occurs INFREQUENTLY and IRREGULARLY

A

Sporadic

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

belongs to a PARTICULAR people or country

A

Endemic

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

Endemic areas/countries

A

Papua New Guinea,
Solomon Islands
Pakistan
India
Nepal
Philippines
Indonesia
Myanmar

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

PERSISTENT, HIGH levels of disease occurrence

A

Hyperendemic

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

INCREASE, often SUDDEN, in the number of cases of a disease ABOVE what is NORMAly expected in that population in that area.

A

Epidemic

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

more LIMITED geographic area

A

Outbreak

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

same definition of epidemic

A

Outbreak

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

epidemic that has spread OVER several COUNTRIES

A

Pandemic

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

usually affecting a LARGE number of people

A

Pandemic

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

number of individuals in a population estimated to be WITH the particular PARASITE species at the given TIME

A

Prevalence

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

Number of persons with a particular parasite during a given time period
________________________________________________________
Population during the same time period

A

Prevalence

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

most common measures used to quantify the frequency of parasitic infections

A

Ratio
Proportion
Rate
Intensity of infection

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

relative magnitude of two quantities or a comparison of any TWO VALUES

A

Ratio

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

number of individuals/events in ONE group
_________________________________
number of individuals/events in ANOTHER group

A

Ratio

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

Comparing ONE part to a WHOLE

blue/colors

A

Proportion

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
17
Q

Result is often expressed as the result “to one” or written as the result “:1.”

A

Ratio

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
18
Q

type of ratio in which the numerator is included in the denominator

A

Proportion

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
19
Q

numerator and denominator are different categories

A

Ratio

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
20
Q

expressed as DECIMAL/PERCENTAGES/FRACTION

A

Proportion

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
21
Q

Number of persons/events with a PARTICULAR CHARACTERISTIC
___________________________________________________
Number of persons/events of which the NUMERATOR IS A SUBSET

A

Proportion

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
22
Q

measure of the frequency with which an event occurs in a DEFINED POPULATION over a specified period of TIME

A

Rate

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
23
Q

often a proportion

A

Rate

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
24
Q

also referred to as prevalence rate

A

Prevalence

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
25
Q

prevalence rate

A

Prevalence

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
26
Q

over a specified INTERVAL of time

A

Period prevalence

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
27
Q

specified POINT in time

A

Point prevalence

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
28
Q

Number of persons with a particular parasite during a GIVEN TIME period
________________________________________________________
Population during the SAME TIME period

A

Prevalence

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
29
Q

proportion of individuals in a population infected with AT LEAST ONE parasite

A

Cumulative Prevalence

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
30
Q

number of CASES over a specified point of time
____________________________________
POPULATION at the SAME specified point of time

A

Point prevalence

31
Q

number of CURRENT CASES over a specified period of time
______________________________________________
average population

A

Period prevalence

31
Q

number of CURRENT CASES over a specified period of time
______________________________________________
average population

A

Period prevalence

32
Q

indicates HOW WIDESPREAD the parasitic infection is

A

Prevalence

33
Q

NEW CASES of parasitic infections in a population in a specified time period.

A

Incidence

34
Q

(ano yung dalawang)
Rate

A

Incidence
Prevalence

35
Q

Number of new cases of parasitic infection during a given time period
_______________________________________________________
Population during the same time period

A

Incidence

36
Q

conveys information about the RISK of contracting the disease

A

Incidence

37
Q

burden of infection which is related to the NUMBER OFWORMS PER INFECTED PERSON

A

Intensity of infection

38
Q

Epidemiologic triad or triangle 3 components

A

Agent, susceptible host, environment

39
Q

describe how quickly disease occur in a population

A

Incidence rate/person-time rate

40
Q

4 end forms of Incidence

A
  1. onset of disease
  2. death
  3. migration
  4. total end of study
41
Q

number of new cases of disease during a specified time interval
__________________________________________________
summed person/years of observation during a time interval

A

Incidence rate

42
Q

factors that influence whether exposure to the pathogenic parasite will result in infection or disease

A

Parasite load and tissue tropism

43
Q

intrinsic factors that influence a person’s exposure, susceptibility, or response to the parasite

A

Host factors

44
Q

characteristics of man that FAVOR THE SURVIVAL of the parasite within the host

A

Host factors

45
Q

Host factors

A

Age and sex/gender
Nutritional status
Behaviors, habits and customs
Racial phenomenon

46
Q

Environmental factors

A

Nutritional status
Behaviors, habits and customs
Racial phenomenon

47
Q

Abaca farming

A

Lymphatic filariasis

48
Q

low protein diet

A

Amoebiasis

49
Q

high carbohydrate diet

A

tapeworms

50
Q

Kangkong, watercress

A

Fasciola hepatica

51
Q

Pork

A

Taenia solium (pork tapeworm)

52
Q

Beef

A

Taenia saginata (beef tapeworm)

53
Q

Freshwater fish

A

Capillaria philippinensis

54
Q

Crabs

A

Paragonimus westermani

55
Q

Snail (kuhol)

A

Echinostoma ilocanum

56
Q

Behaviors, habits and customs

A

Behaviors
Dietary habits
Migration of population
Cultural and religious rites

57
Q

a religious act of washing one’s body or a part of it, in infested water

A

ablution

58
Q

genetic characteristic of people or group of people that confers resistance or susceptibility to parasitic infection

A

Racial phenomenon

59
Q

Duffy blood group antigens (Fya+, Fyb+) serve as receptor sites by which of

A

Plasmodium vivax

60
Q

resistant to infection by Plasmodium vivax

A

Duffy blood group-negative

61
Q

infect Duffy-negative persons

A

Plasmodium ovale

62
Q

extrinsic factors that affect the agent and the opportunity for exposure

A

Environmental factors

63
Q

Physical factors’ climatic factors include

A

temperature
humidity
amount of rainfall

64
Q

Socioeconomic status

A

occupation
family income
educational achievement
living conditions
social standing

65
Q

NTDs that are prevalent in the Philippines

A
  1. Lymphatic filariasis (LF)
  2. Schistosomiasis (SCH)
  3. Soil-transmitted helminthiasis (STH)
  4. Food-borne trematode infections
  5. Leprosy
  6. Dengue
66
Q

Control measures

A

Control
Elimination
Eradication

67
Q

continued intervention measures are required

A

Elimination

68
Q

reduction to zero of the incidence of a specified disease in a defined geographical area as a result of deliberate efforts

A

Elimination

69
Q

permanent reduction to zero of the worldwide incidence of infection caused by a specific agent as a result of deliberate efforts

A

eradication

70
Q

intervention measures are no longer needed.

A

Eradication

71
Q

continued intervention measures are required to maintain the reduction

A

Control

72
Q

reduction of disease incidence, prevalence, morbidity or mortality to a LOCALLY ACCEPTABLE LEVEL as a result of deliberate efforts

A

Control

PARASITOLOGY (3 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2024 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions