Bones

Question 1

How many bones is a baby born with?

Answer 1

305

Question 2

How many bones does an adult have?

Answer 2

206

Question 3

What are the functions of the skeletal system?(5)

Answer 3

Aids in movement
Provides shape and support
Supports and protects internal organs
Produces blood cells
stores minerals and fats

Question 4

What are the two major groups of the skeleton?

Answer 4

Axial and Appendicular

Question 5

What parts does the axial skeleton include?

Answer 5

The head, ribs, and spine (sternum as well)

Question 6

What parts does the appendicular skeleton include

Answer 6

Pelvis, shoulders, arms ,and legs

Question 7

What do bones contain?

Answer 7

Bones contain osteocytes. 35% is organic matter and 65% is inorganic matter.

Question 8

Bone Anatomy: What are the two types of bone? (inside)

Answer 8

Compact bone which is the hard outer layer and dense.
Spongy bone: inside of the bone, softer, weaker, and more flexible

Question 9

What are the 5 bone types?

Answer 9

Long Bone (Ex: Femur)
Short bone (Ex: carpals and tarsals)
Irregular bone (Ex: Pelvis and vertebrae)
Flat bone (ex: sternum)
Sesmoid bone(Knee bone)

Question 10

What is the Diaphysis and Medullary Canal?

Answer 10

Diaphysis: The shaft, hollow, cylinder of compact bone.
Medullary Canal: center of the shaft filled with yellow bone marrow

Question 11

What is the Epiphysis?

Answer 11

The ends of the Diaphysis.

Question 12

What are erythrocytes and where are the found in side the bone?

Answer 12

They are red blood cells and found in the red marrow at the end of a bone.

Question 13

What is the Endosteum?

Answer 13

The lining of the Medullary Canal.

Question 14

What is the periosteum and its job?

Answer 14

The periosteum is the hard outer covering of the bone and it is used for growth repair and nutrients.

Question 15

What does Articular cartilage do?

Answer 15

Articular cartilage acts as a shock absorber between bones and is located on the epiphysis.

Question 16

What are osteoblasts and osteoclasts?

Answer 16

Osteoblasts build bone. Blasts build
Osteoclasts destroy bone. Clasts crush or consume

Question 17

What are the six types of bone fractures?

Answer 17

Simple or closed
Compound or open
Greenstick
Comminuted
Stress
Epiphyseal plate

Question 18

What is a simple or closed fracture?

Answer 18

A broken bone inside the skin. The break can be complete or incomplete, displaced or nondisplaced

Question 19

What is an open fracture?

Answer 19

A fracture that breaks through the skin.

Question 20

What is a green stick fracture?

Answer 20

A fracture that is broken on the outer end of the bone. Think of a stick when you don’t break it completely and vertically you see half of it broken and the other half bent.

Question 21

What is a comminuted fracture?

Answer 21

A bone that has been broken into three of more pieces.

Question 22

What is a stress fracture?

Answer 22

A bone that has been broken due to overuse, poor muscle balance, previous injury, etc.

Question 23

What is an epiphyseal fracture?

Answer 23

This is a fracture of the growth plate most common in wrists and ankles.

Question 24

What does the SALTER acronym for epiphyseal fractures stand for?

Answer 24

S- Separation through the growth plate
A- Above and through the growth plate
L- lower or below and through the growth plate
T- Through the metaphysis, growth plate, and epiphysis
ER- Erasure or crushing of the growth plate

Question 25

Signs and symptoms of fractures?

Answer 25

Swelling deformity pain tenderness discoloration

Question 26

Treatment of fractures

Answer 26

Bone remodeling (destroying and replacing bone cells)
Reduction (putting the bone into proper spot)
External fixation (A cast)
Internal fixation (Sugery)