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School > Lubrication > Flashcards

Lubrication Flashcards

1
Q

Name three types of friction.

A
  • Sliding
  • Rolling
  • Fluid
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2
Q

What friction type has tearing and momentary welding of the peaks of the asperities of its two surfaces?

A

Sliding Friction

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3
Q

From least to most, rate friction type resistance.

A
  • Fluid, Rolling, Sliding
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4
Q

Which type of friction is due to material being deformed

A

Rolling Friction

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5
Q

What is fluid friction caused by?

A

Electromagnetic bonds between the molecules of fluid.

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6
Q

What are the three main regimes of fluid film lubrication?

A
  • Full Film Lubrication
  • Partial Film Lubrication
  • Boundary Film Lubrication
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7
Q

What is Full Film Lubrication?

A

When lubrication is thick enough to completely seperate two surfaces with a continous film.

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8
Q

What is a Elasto-hydrodynamic Film Lubrication a type of?

A

Full Film Lubrication

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9
Q

What is Elasto-hydrodynamic Film Lubrication?

A

When an oil wedge is created under the rolling elements high speed movment but the pressure is so high the two loaded surfaces deform.

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10
Q

Full Film Lubrication depends on what?

A
  • Load Pressure
  • Viscosity of the fluid
  • Minimum speed
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11
Q

Does full film increase while speed increases?

A

Yes but only until a certain point

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12
Q

Label these

A
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13
Q

What is the clearance needed between the bearing and shaft with Full Film lubrication?

A

0.001 inch to operate with no risk of metal to metal contact.

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14
Q

What is Viscosity?

A

A measurement of fluid friction (resistance to flow).

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15
Q

Fluids that flow like water have ______ viscosity. Fluids that flow very slowly have ____ viscosity.

A
  • Low
  • High
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16
Q

What is considered to be the most important property of lubrication?

A

Viscosity

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17
Q

The higher the viscosity the _____ the load capacity of the film.

A

Higher

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18
Q

The higher the viscosity the ______ the flow rate.

A

Slower

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19
Q

The higher the viscosity the _____ the sealing effect.

A

Greater

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20
Q

What factors affect viscosity?

A
  • Temperature
  • Pressure
  • Speed
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21
Q

As Temperature increases, Viscosity ________.

A

Decreases

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22
Q

Viscosity _________ with large increases of pressure.

A

Increases

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23
Q

What are the units of Viscosity?

A
  • Centistroke
  • SUS (SSU)
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24
Q

What does SUS stand for?

A

Saybolt Universal Seconds

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25
Q

What is Pour Point?

How is determined?

A

The lowest temperature at which an oil is observed to flow.

It is three degrees Celsius above the temperature at which the oil shows no movement from a container held horizontally for 5 seconds.

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26
Q

What is Viscosity Index?

A

A number given that identifies the amount of change in the viscosity of a lubricant over a temperature range.

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27
Q

Very little change in viscosity as it is heated from 40 to 100 Celsius would have a ____ viscosity index.

A

High

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28
Q

Why is Viscosity Index important?

A

It tells you how stable a lubricant is over a range of operating temperatures.

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29
Q

What does pour point depend on?

A

It depends on the formation of wax crystals in paraffin-based oils, while in naphtha-based oils it depends on the increase in viscosity at low temperatures.

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30
Q

Can two oils have the same pour point but different viscosities?

A

Yes

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31
Q

What is Flash Point?

A

Is the lowest temperature at which the vapour above an oil ignites when a flame is passed over it.

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32
Q

What organization has developed a viscosity grading system for engine oils and a seperate system for manual tranmission oils?

A

SAE (Society of Automotive Engineers)

33
Q

What are Low-temperature Engine Oil Grades indicated with?

The lower the number in the grade means what?

A
  • W

Ex: 20W

  • The lower the minimum temp it can handle.
34
Q

What must you be careful about with Low-temp Engine Oil Grades?

A

The oil may be too thin for use during the summer.

35
Q

High-Temperature Engine Oil Grade notation is different how?

A

There is no W in the notation.

36
Q

What is the difference with Multigrade Engine Oils and usual Low-Temp and High-Temp engine oils?

A
  • Multigrade Engine Oils have Viscosity Index improvers added to them

Ex: 10W-30 is an oil that functions like a 10W oil at -30C and maintains its film strength of a 30 oil at 100C

37
Q

Are SAE Engine Oils and Industrial Oil based on the same grade critiera?

A

No! Industrial Oils and SAE Engine Oil grades may not be the same in viscosity.

38
Q

What are Petroleum-based Oils dervied from?

A

The base stock produced at the refineries.

39
Q

What are two types of crude oil base stocks?

A

Paraffin and Naphtha

40
Q

Which oil’s viscosity is least affected by weather, Paraffin or Naphtha?

A

Paraffin-based oils

41
Q

What kind of weather is Synthetic Oil used in?

A

Extreme cold and extreme heat

42
Q

Do additives in oil wear out?

A

Yes

43
Q

What is the percentage of oil additives in oil usually?

A

22%

44
Q

What are Oxidation Inhitors also called?

A

Antioxidants

45
Q

What is the purpose of detergent additives in oil?

A

Clean the surface of the components.

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