cell organelles Flashcards
the endoplasmic reticulum, describe the membrane, rough vs smooth, function
A double membrane connects the plasma membrane and nuclear membranes. the rough has ribosomes on it. Transports chemicals and fluids throughout the cytoplasm and product proteins for the rest of the cell to function
nucleus, what it contains, function
is like the control center of the cell. contains chromatin, a nucleotide and nucleoplasm. Directs cell activities and stores genetic information.
nucleolus function
makes the ribosomes in the nucleus.
Golgi Apparatus, appearence, function
stacks of flattened membranes, vesicles pinch off of the edges. channels produce and accept lipids and enzymes and package them into their vesicles for export.
centrioles, where are they found, function, are they found in plants are animals, responsibility
Found as a pair near the nucleus. they are present in animal cells but not plant cells. they are used for animal cells to reproduce. Responsible for arranging spindle fibres that attach to chromosomes during cell division.
ribosomes, what is their job, what do they make
The site of protein synthesis. translates the genetic code of RNA (mRNA) into a specified string of amino acids. make RNA and protein
lysosomes, what do they carry, what do they help digest, are they found in plants or animals?
Sacs of hydrolytic enzymes. Helps digest larger molecules.
found in only animals
chloroplast, membrane, what do they contain
Double-membrane bound structure containing photosynthetic pigments
mitochondria, shape, membrane, function
Round or oval, a double-membrane structure that produces “packets” of energy for cellular activities. it is the site of cellular respiration.
what are vacuoles, how many membrane layers, and what do they contain? what are their uses in plant cell walls?
Bubble-like containers of water or various chemical that are single-layered and enclosed by a membrane. May contain food or waste. In plants, they help support turgor pressure against the cell wall to hold the plant up. its function is to help isolate waste products
cell membrane, appearance, function
An elastic envelope that is semi-permeable and controls the passage of materials in and out of the cell
cell wall, what does it contain, function
a non-living secretion of the cell membrane which contains cellulose. contains openings that make it permeable. protects the plant from physical injury and provides structural support.
cytoskeleton, where is it, what is it made out of, decribe its structure, what is it’s functions
attached to the interior of the cell membrane. it serves as the scaffolding of the cell made out of proteins. It is a dynamic structure that maintains the cell’s shape, protects the cell, and enables cellular motion. its structure is made up of cilia and flagella and plays roles in intracellular transport (the movement of vesicles and organelles and cellular division)
nuclear membrane, what are the properties of its membrane, function, is it found in plant or animals
selectively permeanble lipid bilayer that functions to control the movement of substances going into and out of the nucleus. found in both plants and animals but only in eukaryotic cells.
